Nokea
You are providing care to a patient with COPD who is receiving medical treatment for exacerbation. The patient has a history of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. The patient is experiencing extreme hyperglycemia and bruising. Which medication ordered for this patient can cause hyperglycemia and bruising?
- A. Prednisone
- B. Atrovent
- C. Flagyl
- D. Levaquin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone , a corticosteroid, commonly causes hyperglycemia and easy bruising as side effects. Atrovent , Flagyl , and Levaquin are not typically associated with these effects.
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When the nurse is teaching a client to self-administer nose drops, which head position is appropriate?
- A. Bending the head forward, then instilling the drops
- B. Pushing the nose laterally, then instilling the drops
- C. Tilting the head backward, then instilling the drops
- D. Turning the head to the side, then instilling the drops
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tilting the head backward allows nose drops to reach the nasal passages effectively by gravity, ensuring proper distribution of the medication.
The post-anesthesia care nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with lung cancer who had a thoracotomy and is experiencing frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Request STAT arterial blood gases.
- B. Administer lidocaine intravenous push.
- C. Assess for possible causes.
- D. Request a STAT electrocardiogram.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent PVCs post-thoracotomy may stem from hypoxia, electrolyte imbalances, or pain. Assessing for causes (C) is the first step to identify and address the underlying issue. ABGs (A) or ECG (D) may follow based on findings. Lidocaine (B) is premature without identifying the cause.
Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate the health-care provider ordering to rule out the diagnosis of asthma in clients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. A bronchoscopy.
- B. An immunoglobulin E.
- C. An arterial blood gas.
- D. A bronchodilator reversibility test.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A bronchodilator reversibility test differentiates asthma from COPD by assessing whether airway obstruction is reversible. In asthma, lung function (e.g., FEV1) improves significantly post-bronchodilator, while COPD shows minimal improvement. Bronchoscopy (A) is invasive and not specific for this differentiation. Immunoglobulin E (B) is relevant for allergies, not distinguishing asthma from COPD. Arterial blood gases (C) assess oxygenation but do not differentiate these conditions.
The occupational nurse for a mining company is planning a class on the risks of working with toxic substances to comply with the 'Right to Know' law. Which information should the nurse include in the presentation? Select all that apply.
- A. A client who smokes cigarettes has a drastically increased risk for lung cancer.
- B. Floors need to be clean and dust needs to be wet to prevent transfer of dust.
- C. The air needs to be monitored at specific times to evaluate for exposure.
- D. Surface areas need to be painted every year to prevent the accumulation of dust.
- E. Employees should wear the appropriate personal protective equipment.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Smoking increases lung cancer risk (1), relevant to toxic exposures. Wet dust control (2) reduces airborne particles. Air monitoring (3) ensures safe exposure levels. PPE (5) is critical for protection. Annual painting (4) is not a standard dust control measure.
A patient with asthma is receiving a nebulizer of Cromolyn. The patient reports a burning sensation in the nose along with a horrible taste in their mouth. As the nurse you will?
- A. Immediately stop the nebulizer
- B. Re-adjust the nebulizer
- C. Call a rapid response because the patient is having a potential anaphylactic reaction to the medication.
- D. Reassure the patient this is a temporary side effect of this medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Burning sensation and bad taste are common temporary side effects of Cromolyn nebulizer treatment and do not indicate a severe reaction.