Nokea
You have arrived for your shift on the children's ward and need to assess a 2-year-old who is accompanied by his father. Identify the appropriate strategy to successfully complete a focused assessment:
- A. Allow the child to inspect the equipment for faults before and during assessment
- B. Ask parent to leave room until assessment has been completed
- C. Perform traumatic or invasive procedures first
- D. Have the child sit in parents lap and request assistance if necessary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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Beta-adrenergic agonists such as albuterol are given to Reggie, a child with asthma, to primarily do which of the following?
- A. Dilate the bronchioles
- B. Reduce secondary infections
- C. Decrease postnasal drip
- D. Reduce airway inflammation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists like albuterol are bronchodilators that primarily work by relaxing and dilating the bronchioles, which helps to alleviate bronchoconstriction, a characteristic feature of asthma. This action leads to improved airflow and easier breathing for individuals experiencing asthma symptoms.
Mr. Lopez has a 7-year-old son with growth hormone (GH) deficiency. He shares with the nurse the desire of his son to play ball games. However, his wife feels the child will be in danger since he is smaller than the other children. In planning anticipatory guidance for these parents, the nurse should keep in mind which of the following?
- A. The child should be allowed to play because doing so can foster healthy self-esteem
- B. The risk for fractures is increased because GH deficiency results in fragile bones
- C. Activity could aggravate insulin sensitivity, causing hyperglycemia
- D. Activity would aggravate the child's joints, already overtasked by obesity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children with GH deficiency may face challenges due to their size, but it is important to encourage their participation in activities like playing ball games to promote healthy self-esteem. Allowing the child to play can help in building confidence and a sense of accomplishment, which are essential for their overall well-being.
Use the scenario to answer questions 13-18. A patient has come to the OPD with complaints of anaesthesia and paresthesia of the lower limbs. After laboratory investigations, the doctor has diagnosed the patient with Diabetes Mellitus but failed to specify whether it is type 1 or type 2. Onset of Type 1 diabetes is characterized by:
- A. Occurs after pubertal onset in the majority of cases
- B. Occurs when parents are poor
- C. Occurs at an early age
- D. Occurs after childbirth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes typically occurs after pubertal onset. This form of diabetes is most commonly diagnosed in individuals under the age of 30, with a peak incidence in the mid-teens to early 20s. Puberty is a period of hormonal changes and growth, which can trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes due to the stress it places on the body's insulin-producing cells.
When treating Baby John, who has been diagnosed with a lower respiratory infection, the selection of drugs of choice for the treatment depends primarily on:
- A. Preference of the physician
- B. Selectivity of the organism
- C. Sensitivity of the organism
- D. Tolerance of the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary factor in selecting drugs for the treatment of a lower respiratory infection in Baby John is the sensitivity of the organism causing the infection. The choice of antibiotics should be guided by the susceptibility of the specific pathogen to ensure effective treatment and prevent resistance.
An 18-month-old child presents with fever, nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, and a respiratory rate of 50 bpm. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis?
- A. High risk for altered body temperature (hyperthermia)
- B. Ineffective breathing pattern
- C. Ineffective individual coping
- D. Knowledge deficit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for the 18-month-old child presenting with fever, nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, and a respiratory rate of 50 bpm is 'Ineffective breathing pattern.' These symptoms collectively indicate respiratory distress, which aligns with the nursing diagnosis of ineffective breathing pattern. Nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, and an increased respiratory rate are signs of respiratory distress in pediatric patients, suggesting the need for immediate intervention to address the underlying breathing difficulties.