HESI Basic Nursing Care Needs of the Patient

HESI Basic Nursing Care Needs of the Patient Related

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Your adult patient has an altered mental status, and a blood sugar reading of 35 mg/dL is obtained using a glucometer. He is unable to follow commands, and no IV access is available. Which medication and route should be considered?

  • A. Glucagon intramuscularly
  • B. Oral glucose by mouth
  • C. Dextrose intravenously
  • D. Glucagon subcutaneously
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glucagon intramuscularly. Glucagon is indicated for severe hypoglycemia when the patient is unable to take oral glucose and IV access is unavailable. Administering glucagon intramuscularly will rapidly increase blood sugar levels. Oral glucose (choice B) is not suitable for a patient who cannot follow commands. Dextrose intravenously (choice C) requires IV access, which is not available in this case. Glucagon subcutaneously (choice D) may have delayed absorption compared to intramuscular administration.

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Which of the following is an example of a suffix?

  • A. Broncho in bronchoscopy
  • B. Rhino in rhinoplasty
  • C. Neuro in neuropathy
  • D. Scopy in endoscopy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Scopy in endoscopy. A suffix is a word part added to the end of a root word to modify its meaning. In this case, "scopy" is a suffix that means "to examine or observe." Endoscopy is a medical procedure that involves examining the inside of the body using an endoscope. Choices A, B, and C are all prefixes, not suffixes, as they are added to the beginning of a root word to change its meaning. Therefore, the correct answer is D because it demonstrates the characteristic of a suffix by modifying the root word "end" to create a new word with a specific meaning related to the medical procedure.

The stage of dying in which a person believes “yes me

  • A. but…..” is called
  • B. Depression
  • C. Denial
  • D. Acceptance
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acceptance. This stage, as per Kubler-Ross model, signifies the final phase of coming to terms with the impending death. The person has reached a state of peace and understanding, accepting their fate. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: "but..." indicates resistance, not acceptance.
B: Depression signifies a different stage characterized by overwhelming sadness.
C: Denial is an earlier stage where the person refuses to accept the reality of their situation.

Which situation could increase insurance premiums for employers?

  • A. Increased staff sickness.
  • B. Increased staff turnover.
  • C. An increase in staff overtime
  • D. An increase in staff compensation claims.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Compensation claims indicate higher risks, increasing premiums.

To convert ounces to milliliters the nursing assistant should multiply by

  • A. 30
  • B. 20
  • C. 60
  • D. 15
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To convert ounces to milliliters, the nursing assistant should multiply by 30 because 1 ounce is approximately equal to 30 milliliters. Therefore, multiplying the number of ounces by 30 will give the equivalent amount in milliliters.

Choice B (20) is incorrect because the conversion factor for ounces to milliliters is not 20. Choice C (60) is incorrect because it is not the standard conversion factor used for ounces to milliliters. Choice D (15) is incorrect because it is not the correct conversion factor. The correct choice is A (30) as it corresponds to the standard conversion rate.

Erectile dysfunction is

  • A. A normal change of aging
  • B. Treated with medication
  • C. Incurable
  • D. An inflammation of the testes
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because erectile dysfunction is a medical condition that can be effectively treated with medication. Erectile dysfunction is not a normal part of aging (choice A), as it can occur at any age. It is also not incurable (choice C), as there are various treatment options available. Additionally, erectile dysfunction is not related to inflammation of the testes (choice D), which is a separate medical issue. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer as it aligns with the common treatment approach for erectile dysfunction.