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Your assigned client seems to be getting a lot of attention from his mother when he complains of pain. The mother may be encouraging which of the following types of gains?
- A. primary gains
- B. secondary gains
- C. narcissistic gains
- D. egocentric gains
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal attention for pain suggests secondary gains external benefits beyond primary relief or other gains. Nurses address this in behavioral pain management.
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She was the daughter of Hungarian kings, who feed 300-900 people everyday in their gate, builds hospitals, and care of the poor and sick herself.
- A. Elizabeth
- B. Catherine
- C. Nightingale
- D. Sairey Gamp
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, a 13th-century princess, devoted her life to feeding the poor and building hospitals e.g., using royal funds for charity. Unlike Catherine, Nightingale (modern nurse), or Gamp (fictional), she's nursing's patron saint, her altruism inspiring early caregiving traditions in Christian nursing history.
The researcher must critically appraise evidence following a literature review. Which questions should the researcher pose in this appraisal?
- A. How many studies were found during the review?'
- B. What were the results of each study?'
- C. Are the results of each study valid and reliable?'
- D. Will the results of each study improve client care?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Critical appraisal in nursing research evaluates evidence quality and relevance post-literature review, ensuring findings guide practice effectively. Asking 'What were the results of each study?' identifies outcomes like reduced infection rates while 'Are the results valid and reliable?' assesses methodological rigor, checking biases or sample issues. 'Will the results improve client care?' gauges practical impact, linking evidence to real-world benefits. 'How many studies were found?' or 'Where were they conducted?' provide context but don't appraise quality. This process filters robust evidence like a study on hand hygiene reducing infections ensuring nurses apply trustworthy, applicable insights. It's a gatekeeper, preventing flawed data from skewing care, and aligns research with nursing's goal of enhancing patient outcomes through science, not just volume or geography.
A client is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) of the brain with contrast. When reviewing the client's medical record, what significant finding should the nurse report to the primary healthcare provider before the diagnostic procedure?
- A. The client takes metformin daily.
- B. The client has not been nothing by mouth (NPO).
- C. The client reports an allergy to gadolinium.
- D. The client was not prescribed a bowel prep.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin (A) is significant before a CT with contrast due to lactic acidosis risk if renal function declines from contrast dye. NPO status (B) isn't critical for brain CT. Gadolinium (C) is MRI-related, not CT. Bowel prep (D) is irrelevant. A is correct. Rationale: Contrast can impair kidneys, exacerbating metformin toxicity, requiring provider adjustment, per radiology safety protocols.
The laboratory reports of a client who underwent a hypophysectomy show an intracranial pressure (ICP) of $20 \mathrm{mmHg}$. Which action made by the client is responsible for this condition?
- A. Drinking lots of water
- B. Eating high-fiber foods
- C. Bending over at the waist
- D. Bending knees when lowering body
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ICP of 20 mmHg (elevated) post-hypophysectomy is likely from bending over (C), increasing venous pressure to the brain. Drinking (A) or eating fiber (B) don't directly raise ICP. Knee bending (D) is safe. C is correct. Rationale: Bending elevates intracranial venous return, spiking ICP in a fragile post-surgical state, per neurocare principles, unlike neutral activities.
Which of the following statement is NOT true about wellness?
- A. A dynamic process
- B. Focuses on optimal function
- C. Same with health
- D. Requires balance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wellness is dynamic (A), optimal function-focused (B), balanced (D) not same as health (C), per theory. Wellness is proactive, health a state. C's identity is untrue, making it the correct false statement.