Nokea
You're teaching a group of long-term care health givers about the signs and symptoms of tuberculosis. What signs and symptoms will you include in your education?
- A. Cough for a minimum of 6 weeks
- B. Night sweats
- C. Weight gain
- D. Hemoptysis
- E. Chills
- F. Fever
- G. Chest pain
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F,G
Rationale: Tuberculosis symptoms include night sweats , hemoptysis , chills , fever , and chest pain (G). A cough typically lasts 3 weeks or more, not necessarily 6 weeks (not A). Weight loss, not weight gain , is common.
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The nurse is planning care for a client who has COPD. Which statement is the client most likely to say about activity tolerance?
- A. The most difficult time of the day for me is the first hour after waking up in the morning.'
- B. I feel best in the morning after a good night's sleep.'
- C. I seem to have more energy after eating a big meal.'
- D. I don't know why, but I get my 'second wind' at night and don't want to go to bed.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morning fatigue is common in COPD due to mucus accumulation and poor sleep, affecting activity tolerance.
The physician orders the patient to start taking Omalizumab. How will you administer this medication as the nurse?
- A. Intravenous
- B. Intramuscular
- C. Orally
- D. Subcutaneously
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Omalizumab is administered subcutaneously for asthma treatment.
An adult client is to have postural drainage four times a day. In developing the care plan, the nurse should schedule this for:
- A. 7 A.M.; 11 A.M.; 4 P.M.; 10 P.M.
- B. 10 A.M.; 2 P.M.; 6 P.M.; 10 P.M.
- C. 6 A.M.; 12 noon; 6 P.M.; 12 midnight
- D. 6 A.M.; 10 A.M.; 2 P.M.; 6 P.M.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Postural drainage should be scheduled before or between meals and close to bedtime to avoid interference with digestion and ensure effectiveness, making 7 A.M., 11 A.M., 4 P.M., and 10 P.M. the best schedule.
You are providing teaching to a patient with chronic COPD on how to perform diaphragmatic breathing. This technique helps do the following:
- A. Increase the breathing rate to prevent hypoxemia
- B. Decrease the use of the abdominal muscles
- C. Encourages the use of accessory muscles to help with breathing
- D. Strengthen the diaphragm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diaphragmatic breathing strengthens the diaphragm , improving breathing efficiency in COPD. It doesn't increase breathing rate , decrease abdominal muscle use , or encourage accessory muscle use .
Which statement indicates the client diagnosed with asthma needs more teaching concerning the medication regimen?
- A. I will take Singulair, a leukotriene, every day to prevent allergic asthma attacks.
- B. I need to use my Intal, cromolyn inhaler, 15 minutes before I begin my exercise.
- C. I need to take oral glucocorticoids every day to prevent my asthma attacks.
- D. If I have an asthma attack, I need to use my albuterol, a beta2 agonist, inhaler.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily oral glucocorticoids (C) are not typically used for asthma maintenance due to significant side effects; they are reserved for severe exacerbations or specific cases. Inhaled corticosteroids or leukotriene modifiers (like Singulair, A) are preferred for long-term control. Using cromolyn before exercise (B) is correct to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. Albuterol for acute attacks (D) is appropriate as a rescue inhaler.