Nokea
Which of the following is not a therapeutic indication of bone marrow puncture?
- A. Analgesia
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Anaesthesia
- D. Inflammation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Bone marrow puncture is not indicated for analgesia but for diagnostic purposes.
2. Antibiotics may be indicated to prevent infection during the procedure.
3. Anaesthesia may be used to minimize pain and discomfort.
4. Inflammation is a condition that may necessitate bone marrow puncture for diagnosis.
Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it does not align with the therapeutic indications of bone marrow puncture.
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Which statement is incorrect regarding an informed consent signed by a patient?
- A. The nurse is responsible for obtaining the consent for surgery
- B. Patients under 18 years of age may need a parent or legal guardian to sign a consent form
- C. The nurse can witness the client signing the consent form
- D. It is the nurse's responsibility to ensure the patient has been educated by the physician about the procedure before informed consent is obtained
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is incorrect to state that the nurse is responsible for obtaining the consent for surgery. Informed consent for surgery is typically obtained by the physician performing the procedure, not the nurse. Nurses can assist in the process by providing information and clarifying details, but ultimately it is the physician's responsibility to ensure the patient understands the procedure and consents to it.
Choice B is correct as minors under 18 years of age generally require a parent or legal guardian to sign a consent form on their behalf. Choice C is correct as nurses can witness the client signing the consent form as a part of the process. Choice D is also correct as it is indeed the nurse's responsibility to ensure the patient has been educated by the physician before obtaining informed consent.
What is a key objective of community health nursing?
- A. Providing curative services to the community
- B. Improving the quality of life for individuals and families
- C. Promoting health and preventing disease
- D. Conducting research to find new treatments
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because community health nursing focuses on improving the quality of life for individuals and families through health promotion and disease prevention. This encompasses a holistic approach that considers social determinants of health and empowers communities to make informed decisions. Providing curative services (A) is not the primary focus of community health nursing, as it aims to prevent illness before it occurs. Conducting research (D) is important but not a key objective of direct community health nursing practice. While promoting health and preventing disease (C) is a key objective, improving the quality of life (B) captures the overarching goal of community health nursing more comprehensively.
Which best describes a primary role of nurses in promoting community health?
- A. Conducting individual health assessments
- B. Advocating for health policy changes
- C. Providing health education to groups
- D. Developing health policies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Advocating for health policy changes. Nurses play a crucial role in promoting community health by advocating for policies that address social determinants of health, improve access to healthcare, and create healthier environments. By influencing health policies, nurses can have a broader impact on population health compared to individual health assessments (A), group health education (C), or developing policies (D), which are important but not primary roles for promoting community health. Advocating for health policy changes allows nurses to address systemic issues that impact the health and well-being of communities on a larger scale.
Which of the following is an example of a social determinant of health?
- A. Genetic predisposition
- B. Personal health behaviors
- C. Biological factors
- D. Economic stability
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Economic stability, as it directly influences access to healthcare, housing, education, and nutritious food, impacting overall health. Genetic predisposition (A) refers to inherited traits, not external factors. Personal health behaviors (B) are individual choices. Biological factors (C) focus on physical attributes, not societal influences. Economic stability (D) aligns with social determinants by addressing social, economic, and environmental factors that shape health outcomes.
Which of the following is not a common causative agent of bacterial meningitis?
- A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
- B. Neisseria meningitidis
- C. Staphylococcus aureus
- D. Haemophilus influenzae
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Bacterial meningitis is commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae.
Step 2: Staphylococcus aureus is not a common causative agent of bacterial meningitis.
Step 3: Staphylococcus aureus is more commonly associated with skin and soft tissue infections.
Summary: Choices A, B, and D are common causative agents of bacterial meningitis, while choice C, Staphylococcus aureus, is not commonly associated with this infection.