Nokea
Approximately how many milliliters are contained in a half-cup of milk?
- A. 50
- B. 85
- C. 120
- D. 170
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A half-cup of milk is equivalent to approximately 120 milliliters. This conversion is standard and commonly used in cooking and baking. Choice A (50 milliliters) is too low for a half-cup measurement. Choice B (85 milliliters) is also lower than the standard half-cup measurement of 120 milliliters. Choice D (170 milliliters) is too high for a half-cup, making it an incorrect option.
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What is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy in children?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Decreased blood glucose levels
- C. Inhibited growth
- D. Mood changes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased appetite. Corticosteroid therapy commonly causes increased appetite in children. This side effect can lead to weight gain and other metabolic changes. Option B is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy is more likely to result in increased blood glucose levels. Option C is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy can inhibit growth due to its impact on the endocrine system. Option D is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy can lead to mood changes such as irritability or even mood swings rather than improved mood.
What is a key intervention for a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes?
- A. Insulin administration
- B. Increased dietary fat intake
- C. Restricted fluid intake
- D. Routine physical examinations only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insulin administration. When a child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, insulin administration is a crucial intervention. Insulin helps regulate blood glucose levels by enabling cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. Without sufficient insulin, blood glucose levels can become dangerously high, leading to various complications. Increased dietary fat intake (choice B) is not a recommended intervention for type 1 diabetes management, as it can contribute to weight gain and other health issues. Restricted fluid intake (choice C) is also not appropriate, as adequate hydration is essential for overall health. Routine physical examinations (choice D) are important but are not the primary intervention needed to manage type 1 diabetes.
What is an important dietary consideration for a child with renal failure?
- A. Low-protein, low-sodium diet
- B. High-protein, high-sodium diet
- C. Increased calcium intake
- D. High-fiber diet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-protein, low-sodium diet is crucial for a child with renal failure because it helps reduce the workload on the kidneys and minimize complications. High-protein and high-sodium diets can place excessive strain on the kidneys and worsen the condition. Increased calcium intake is not typically a primary consideration for renal failure in children. While a high-fiber diet can be beneficial for overall health, it is not a specific priority for managing renal failure in children.
What is one primary factor that influences nutrient needs in individuals?
- A. Age
- B. Gender
- C. Genetics
- D. Physical activity level
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct. Age is one of the primary factors influencing nutrient needs. Different life stages, such as infancy, childhood, adulthood, and old age, require varying amounts of nutrients. Gender (choice B) can influence nutrient needs to some extent, but age plays a more significant role. Genetics (choice C) may affect how individuals metabolize certain nutrients but is not a primary factor in determining overall nutrient needs. Physical activity level (choice D) can impact energy requirements but is not as fundamental as age in influencing overall nutrient needs.
Non-nutrient substances found in plant foods that may demonstrate biological activity in the body are commonly known as ___
- A. Bioenhancements
- B. Inorganic fibers
- C. Phytochemicals
- D. Phytoactive chemicals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plant foods that may affect health. They are known for their potential health benefits, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. 'Bioenhancements' is not a term used to describe non-nutrient substances in plant foods. 'Inorganic fibers' do not refer to bioactive compounds found in plants. 'Phytoactive chemicals' is not a commonly used term in nutrition science to describe these compounds.