ATI Fundamentals LPN

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The nurse cares for 4 clients. Which activity demonstrates the nurse's understanding of how ethnicity influences the client's health?

  • A. Provide financial resources from local organizations to pay for a client's health care needs.
  • B. Teach a client using drawings, repetition, short sentences, and simple language.
  • C. Assess a 5-month-old African American client for sickle cell anemia.
  • D. Explain the consequences of not exercising and only eating fast food due to a stressful job.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ethnicity influences health through genetic predispositions and cultural factors. Assessing a 5-month-old African American client for sickle cell anemia (C) reflects this, as the disease is prevalent in African descent populations due to a genetic mutation. Providing financial resources (A) addresses access, not ethnicity-specific health. Teaching with simple methods (B) aids comprehension but isn't ethnicity-tied. Diet and exercise advice (D) is general, not ethnic-specific. C is correct. Rationale: Sickle cell anemia's higher incidence in African Americans requires early screening to prevent complications like vaso-occlusive crises, showcasing culturally competent care rooted in genetic epidemiology, unlike the other options.

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Which of the following statement is NOT true about health care economics?

  • A. Affects care delivery
  • B. Involves funding
  • C. Ignores patient needs
  • D. Shapes policy
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Economics affects delivery (A), involves funding (B), shapes policy (D) 'ignores patient needs' (C) isn't true, impacts them, per system. C's neglect contradicts economics' role, like Mr. Gary's care costs, making it untrue.

The nurse is suctioning a client through a tracheostomy tube. During the procedure, the client begins to cough, and the nurse notes the presence of an audible wheeze. The nurse attempts to remove the suction catheter from the client's trachea but is unable to do so. What is the nurse's priority response?

  • A. Call a code.
  • B. Administer a bronchodilator.
  • C. Contact the health care provider.
  • D. Disconnect the suction source from the catheter.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A stuck catheter with coughing and wheezing suggests obstruction or bronchospasm; disconnecting the suction source (D) is the priority to relieve pressure and attempt removal. Calling a code (A) or provider (C) delays action. Bronchodilators (B) treat wheezing but not the immediate issue. D is correct. Rationale: Disconnecting stops suction trauma, allowing catheter withdrawal and airway reassessment, a critical first step per emergency airway protocols.

Which psychological effect is commonly observed in patients experiencing immobility?

  • A. Increased motivation
  • B. Decreased risk of depression
  • C. Increased sense of independence
  • D. Increased risk of anxiety and depression
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Immobility often increases anxiety and depression risk, as patients face mobility loss, dependence, and isolation, fostering psychological distress. Motivation and independence typically wane with restricted activity, while depression risk rises, not falls, due to these constraints. Nurses address this through emotional support and engagement, understanding that mental health declines when physical freedom is curtailed. This effect highlights the need for holistic care, blending physical interventions with psychological support to mitigate the emotional toll of immobility on patients.

The nurse is caring for a client following a right total hip replacement. Which action by the nurse will help prevent dislocation of the prosthesis?

  • A. Keeping the client's knees together at all times
  • B. Placing the client in a supine position with the legs extended
  • C. Placing a pillow between the client's legs when turning
  • D. Encouraging the client to use the trapeze to pull himself up in bed
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Placing a pillow between the legs during turning maintains abduction, preventing hip prosthesis dislocation post-right total hip replacement knees together adducts, supine extension risks posterior dislocation, and trapeze use is safe but unrelated. Nurses enforce this, ensuring joint stability, key for orthopedic recovery.

Type of recording that integrates all data about the problem, gathered by members of the health team.

  • A. POMR
  • B. Traditional
  • C. Resource oriented
  • D. Source oriented
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: POMR (Problem-Oriented Medical Record) (A) integrates team data per problem, per Weed's system. Traditional (B) and source-oriented (D) separate by discipline. Resource-oriented (C) isn't recognized. A fits interdisciplinary focus, making it correct.

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