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In today's health care environment there is often more contact between the patient and the nurse than between the patient and the physician. How does this increased patient contact impact drug therapy?
- A. Choosing the best medication to treat the patient's condition
- B. Assessing the patient's preferred communication strategies
- C. Assessing the therapeutic success of the drug therapy
- D. Reducing dosage quickly when adverse effects arise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: More contact allows nurses to assess therapy success through observation and patient feedback.
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Scott's seizures are well controlled on topiramate and he wants to start playing baseball. Education for Scott regarding his topiramate includes:
- A. He should not play sports due to the risk of increased seizures
- B. He should monitor his temperature and ability to sweat in the heat while playing
- C. Reminding him that he may need higher dosages of topiramate when exercising
- D. Encouraging him to use sunscreen due to photosensitivity from topiramate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Topiramate can impair sweating, increasing heat-related risks during sports.
Phenytoin decreases folic acid absorption by:
- A. Altering the pH of the stomach
- B. Increasing gastric emptying time
- C. Inhibiting intestinal enzymes required for folic acid absorption
- D. Chelation of the folic acid into inactive ingredients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin inhibits intestinal conjugase enzymes, reducing folic acid absorption.
NSAIDs increase the risk of CNS adverse effects when taken with which group of antibiotics?
- A. Macrolides
- B. Penicillins
- C. Aminoglycosides
- D. Quinolones
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) with NSAIDs can increase CNS effects like seizures due to GABA inhibition.
Which of the following drug has the ability to produce hypogliceic effect via closure of ATP-sensitive channels
- A. Glipizide
- B. Metformin
- C. Acarbose
- D. Pramlintide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glipizide, a sulfonylurea, closes ATP-sensitive K+ channels, stimulating insulin release.
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus. Available is vancomycin 1 g in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water (D5W) to infuse over 45 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 22
- B. 25
- C. 20
- D. 18
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: (100 mL / 45 min) 10 gtt/mL = 22.22, rounded to 22 gtt/min, matching the provided answer.