Nokea
Pharmacoeconomics is:
- A. The study of the part of the U.S. economy
- B. The study of the impact of prescription drug costs on the overall economy
- C. The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service
- D. The analysis of the clinical efficacy of the drug
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacoeconomics evaluates costs and outcomes of health-care interventions.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse is teaching her patient about the use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Which of the following statements best informs the patient about their safe use?
- A. OTC drugs are products that are available without prescription for self-treatment of minor complaints.'
- B. OTC drugs are considered medications and should be reported on a drug history.'
- C. OTC drugs were approved as prescription drugs but later were found to be safe without the need for a prescription.'
- D. OTC drugs need to be taken with caution. They can mask the signs and symptoms of an underlying disease and interfere with prescription drug therapy.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: OTC drugs are considered medications and should be reported. OTC drugs are available without a prescription, although some were first approved as prescription drugs. The most important teaching should relate to their safe use and that OTC drugs can mask symptoms of disease and interfere with prescribed drugs.
Teaching the patient/caregiver about their medications is an important step in reducing the risk of medication errors. What is an important teaching point about medications?
- A. Speak up
- B. Store medications in a warm humid place
- C. Adjust your medication according to your weight
- D. Keep a list of your prescribed medications
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping a medication list enhances safety by ensuring all providers know current drugs, reducing error risk.
Ultra-rapid metabolizers of drugs may have:
- A. To have dosages of drugs adjusted downward to prevent drug accumulation
- B. Active drug rapidly metabolized into inactive metabolites, leading to potential therapeutic failure
- C. Increased elimination of active, nonmetabolized drug
- D. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to an accumulation of prodrug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ultra-rapid metabolizers (e.g., CYP2D6) quickly inactivate drugs , risking therapeutic failure, requiring higher doses, not lower or slowed metabolism .
Milk and other foods that alkalinize the urine may:
- A. Result in basic drugs, being, reabsosibet in
- B. Increase the elimination of basic drugs in the urine
- C. Decrease the elimination of acidic drugs
- D. Not alter drug elimination due to the minimal change in urine pH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alkalinizing urine increases ionization of acidic drugs, reducing their reabsorption and thus decreasing elimination.
Avoid concurrent administration of exenatide with which of the following drugs?
- A. Digoxin
- B. Warfarin
- C. Lovastatin
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exenatide delays gastric emptying, potentially affecting absorption of digoxin , warfarin , and lovastatin .