Nokea
David presents to the clinic with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. He is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Opticrom) eye drops. The education regarding using cromolyn eye drops includes:
- A. He should not wear his soft contacts while using the cromolyn eye drops
- B. Cromolyn drops are instilled once a day to prevent allergy symptoms
- C. Long-term use may cause glaucoma
- D. He may experience bradycardia as an adverse effect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cromolyn can irritate soft contacts, requiring removal; it's not once daily or linked to glaucoma .
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Which legislation authorizes the FDA to determine the safety of a drug before its marketing?
- A. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)
- B. Durham Humphrey Amendment (1952)
- C. Controlled Substances Act (1970)
- D. Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment (1962)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 authorized the FDA to determine the safety of all drugs before marketing. Later amendments and acts helped tighten FDA control and ensure drug safety.
Tuberculin purified protein derivative:
- A. Is administered to patients who are known tuberculin-positive reactors
- B. May be administered to patients who are on immunosuppressives
- C. May be administered 2 to 3 weeks after an MMR or varicella vaccine
- D. May be administered the same day as the MMR and/or varicella vaccine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TB skin test can be given same-day as MMR/varicella; prior positives or immunosuppression complicate interpretation.
Which action will the nurse take if a dosage is unclear on a health care provider's order?
- A. Ask the patient what dosage was given in the past.
- B. Ask another physician to determine the correct dosage.
- C. Tell the patient that the medication will not be given.
- D. Contact the health care provider to verify the correct dosage.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Any questionable orders should be verified by the health care provider who wrote the orders. The patient is not a reliable source of verification. The physician who wrote the order should verify it. It would be a medication error to withhold the dose instead of verifying it.
Which of the following is CORRECT about aspirin poisoning?
- A. Is rarely seen in cases of chronic use
- B. It does not affect body temperature
- C. It is treated by administration of intravenous sodium bicarbonate
- D. The earliest sign is hypoventilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate enhances aspirin excretion by alkalinizing urine.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is supposed to receive two drugs at the same time. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Wash her hands before handling the medications.
- B. Consult a drug guide for compatibility.
- C. Question the patient concerning drug allergies.
- D. Identify the patient by checking the armband and asking the patient to state his name.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nurse should first consult a drug guide for compatibility when two or more drugs are being given at the same time. After compatibility is determined the medication can be administered. The nurse will perform hand hygiene, check for patient allergies, and ensure the right patient receives the medication by using two identifiers.