Nokea
What refers to a systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusions may be drawn from them?
- A. Vital statistics
- B. Statistics
- C. Morbidity
- D. Mortality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Statistics'. Statistics is the systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing numerical facts to draw conclusions. Vital statistics, morbidity, and mortality are more specific terms within the field of statistics. Vital statistics focus on births, deaths, marriages, and divorces. Morbidity refers to the incidence of illness or disease in a population. Mortality specifically deals with deaths in a population. Hence, B is the most comprehensive and fitting choice for the definition provided.
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The nurse is teaching a client about the healthy use of ego defense mechanisms. An appropriate goal for this client would be
- A. Reduce fear and protect self-esteem
- B. Minimize anxiety and delay apprehension
- C. Avoid conflict and leave unpleasant situations
- D. Increase independence and communicate more effectively
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Reduce fear and protect self-esteem.' When teaching a client about the healthy use of ego defense mechanisms, the goal is to help the individual manage emotions effectively without denying reality. Using defense mechanisms in a healthy way aims to reduce fear and protect self-esteem while still addressing underlying issues. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not focus on the core principles of using defense mechanisms in a healthy manner. Minimizing anxiety and delaying apprehension, avoiding conflict and leaving unpleasant situations, and increasing independence and communicating more effectively do not directly align with the goal of utilizing ego defense mechanisms in a constructive way.
What is the aim of the Magna Carta of Public Health Workers?
- A. Develop skills and capabilities of health workers to deliver health projects/programs
- B. All of these
- C. Encourage those with proper qualifications to remain in government service
- D. Promote social and economic well-being of health workers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B - 'All of these.' The Magna Carta of Public Health Workers aims to achieve multiple objectives, including developing the skills and capabilities of health workers to deliver health projects/programs, encouraging those with proper qualifications to remain in government service, and promoting the social and economic well-being of health workers. Choice A, C, and D are all part of the comprehensive goals outlined in the Magna Carta for Public Health Workers.
What does the concept of 'health equity' refer to?
- A. Equal access to healthcare for all individuals
- B. Providing the same treatments to everyone
- C. Eliminating health disparities among different population groups
- D. Focusing on the healthcare needs of the wealthy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The concept of health equity refers to eliminating health disparities among different population groups. This means ensuring that everyone has a fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible, regardless of social determinants such as race, ethnicity, income, or geographic location. Choice A is incorrect because health equity goes beyond just access to healthcare and focuses on achieving health equality. Choice B is incorrect as health equity considers individual needs rather than providing the same treatments to everyone. Choice D is incorrect as health equity aims to address disparities and inequalities, not just focus on the healthcare needs of the wealthy.
The nurse at a health fair has taken a client's blood pressure twice, 10 minutes apart, in the same arm while the client is seated. The nurse records the two blood pressures of 172/104 mm Hg and 164/98 mm Hg. What is the appropriate nursing action in response to these readings?
- A. Refer the client to a nutritionist after providing health teaching about a low-sodium diet.
- B. Place the client in a recumbent position and call the paramedics for transport to the hospital.
- C. Talk with the client to assess whether there is stress in the client's life and refer to a counseling service.
- D. Take the client's blood pressure in the other arm and then schedule a healthcare practitioner's appointment for as soon as possible.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The appropriate nursing action in response to significantly high blood pressure readings like 172/104 mm Hg and 164/98 mm Hg is to confirm the readings by taking the blood pressure in the other arm. This can help rule out any error or issue specific to that arm. The nurse should then schedule a healthcare practitioner's appointment for as soon as possible to further assess the client's condition and determine the appropriate intervention.
Choice A is incorrect because solely referring the client to a nutritionist for a low-sodium diet without further assessment or confirmation of the blood pressure readings is premature. Choice B is incorrect as the client is already seated, and calling paramedics for immediate transport to the hospital is not warranted based solely on the blood pressure readings provided. Choice C is incorrect as stress may not be the sole reason for the high blood pressure readings, and further assessment is required before referring the client to counseling services.
What title should be given to this occupational health nurse job description?
- A. manager
- B. case manager
- C. health educator
- D. nurse consultant
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct title for this occupational health nurse job description is 'nurse consultant.' A nurse consultant is a registered professional nurse with expertise in occupational and environmental health nursing, effective communication skills, and good administrative and consultative abilities. Choice A, 'manager,' is incorrect as the job description does not primarily focus on managerial duties. Choice B, 'case manager,' is incorrect as it does not fully cover the scope of the described role. Choice C, 'health educator,' is incorrect as it does not encompass the administrative and consultative skills mentioned in the job description.