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a nurse working in an infectious disease clinic is caring for a client has a new diagnosis of Lyme disease. which of the following agencies is responsible for voluntarily reporting cases of this disease to the centers for disease control and prevention
- A. office of the surgeon general
- B. state health department
- C. hospital infection control department
- D. local red cross chapter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: office of the surgeon general. The office of the surgeon general is responsible for overseeing public health initiatives, including the surveillance and reporting of infectious diseases like Lyme disease to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The surgeon general plays a crucial role in coordinating efforts to monitor and control disease outbreaks at the national level. The state health department (choice B) focuses on local and state-level reporting, while the hospital infection control department (choice C) is responsible for internal infection control measures within healthcare facilities. The local Red Cross chapter (choice D) primarily deals with disaster relief and community support, not disease reporting.
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The partner of an older adult client who has Alzheimer’s disease reports that he is not eating. The partner refuses to assist with feeding. Which of the following is the priority action the nurse should take?
- A. Arrange for Meals on Wheels assistance.
- B. Determine the client’s ability to self-feed.
- C. Direct the home health aide to assist with meals.
- D. Refer the client’s partner to an Alzheimer’s support group.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine the client's ability to self-feed. The priority action is to assess the client's capacity to feed themselves independently. This is crucial in identifying any issues or barriers the client may be facing in terms of feeding. By determining the client's ability to self-feed, the nurse can develop an appropriate plan of care tailored to the client's specific needs.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the immediate concern of evaluating the client's ability to feed themselves. While arranging for Meals on Wheels or directing the home health aide to assist with meals may be helpful interventions, they do not address the root cause of the issue. Referring the client's partner to an Alzheimer's support group may be beneficial in the long term but does not address the immediate need to assess the client's ability to self-feed.
a nurse in a mobile health clinic is caring for a client who requires a tetanus immunization and is accompanied by his daughter. the client does not speak the same language as the nurse. which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. have the client’s daughter communicate information about the procedure
- B. arrange for a member of the client’s community to interpret the teaching
- C. identify the clients spoken dialect prior to contacting an interpreter
- D. use professional terminology when providing education prior to the procedure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should have the client's daughter communicate information about the procedure since she is accompanying the client and can facilitate effective communication. This option ensures that the client receives accurate information and instructions regarding the tetanus immunization. Choice B introduces a potential bias or misunderstanding if the community member is not trained in healthcare terminology. Choice C may delay the communication process unnecessarily. Choice D may confuse the client further due to the language barrier. It is essential to involve a trusted family member or caregiver for accurate and clear communication.
a community health nurse is providing screening for lipid disorders. which of the following is the primary goal of this activity?
- A. early detection of disease
- B. client enrollment in prevention programs
- C. promotion of appropriate lifestyle changes
- D. identification of family history of medical problems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: early detection of disease. Screening for lipid disorders aims to identify individuals at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases early on. Early detection allows for timely interventions to prevent or manage lipid disorders effectively. Choice B focuses on intervention programs, which come after detection. Choice C emphasizes lifestyle changes, which are secondary to detection. Choice D is about family history, not the primary goal of screening.
A school nurse is planning safety education for a group of adolescents. The nurse should give priority to which of the following topics as the leading cause of death for this age group?
- A. Motor vehicle safety.
- B. Sports injury prevention.
- C. Substance abuse prevention.
- D. Gun safety.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Motor vehicle safety. Adolescents are at the highest risk of death due to motor vehicle accidents, making it a crucial topic for safety education. This age group is more likely to engage in risky driving behaviors such as speeding, distracted driving, and not wearing seat belts. By focusing on motor vehicle safety, the nurse can address the leading cause of death and help adolescents make safer choices.
Incorrect Choices:
B: Sports injury prevention - While sports injuries are common, they are not the leading cause of death for adolescents.
C: Substance abuse prevention - Substance abuse is a significant concern, but it is not the primary cause of death for this age group.
D: Gun safety - While gun safety is important, it is not the leading cause of death for adolescents.
A nurse is working to reduce individual and family violence in the local community. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates a primary prevention strategy to achieve this goal?
- A. Conducting counseling for at-risk parents.
- B. Assessing a family for marital discord.
- C. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents.
- D. Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching parenting techniques to new parents. Primary prevention aims to prevent violence before it occurs by promoting healthy behaviors and addressing risk factors. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents helps build strong family relationships, enhances parenting skills, and reduces the likelihood of violence. Choices A, B, and D are not primary prevention strategies. Counseling for at-risk parents (A) is a secondary prevention strategy aimed at early detection and intervention. Assessing a family for marital discord (B) is a tertiary prevention strategy focused on addressing existing issues. Providing treatment for substance use disorder (D) is also a tertiary prevention strategy aimed at treating an existing condition.