Nokea
Which patient is at greatest risk for papilledema?
- A. An elderly patient with cataracts and macular degeneration
- B. A male patient with hypothyroidism
- C. A male patient with hyperthyroidism
- D. An adolescent with a closed head injury
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An adolescent with a closed head injury is at the highest risk for papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure. Papilledema is often a consequence of elevated intracranial pressure, which can occur in conditions like head trauma. Choices A, B, and C do not directly correlate with an increased risk of papilledema compared to a closed head injury, which is more likely to lead to elevated intracranial pressure and subsequent papilledema.
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Which of the following foods enhances the absorption of an iron supplement?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Green beans
- C. Fortified milk
- D. Baked potato
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Orange juice. Orange juice enhances the absorption of an iron supplement due to its high vitamin C content. Vitamin C helps in the absorption of non-heme iron, the type of iron found in plant-based foods and iron supplements. Green beans, fortified milk, and baked potato do not have the same level of vitamin C as orange juice, making them less effective in enhancing iron absorption.
Who is credited with the stages of cognitive development?
- A. Erikson
- B. Piaget
- C. Freud
- D. Lister
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Piaget is indeed credited with the stages of cognitive development. Jean Piaget, a renowned psychologist, proposed a theory of cognitive development that outlines distinct stages through which children develop intellectually. Erikson, Freud, and Lister are not associated with the stages of cognitive development. Erikson is known for his psychosocial stages, Freud for psychosexual stages, and Lister for contributions to the field of medicine.
Which of the following is a nursing issue of concern today?
- A. Safe staffing
- B. Low workloads
- C. Increasing professional autonomy
- D. Improving salaries
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Safe staffing. Safe staffing is a critical issue in nursing today due to its impact on patient outcomes and nurse well-being. While low workloads (choice B) may seem beneficial, they can also indicate understaffing, leading to burnout and compromising patient care. Increasing professional autonomy (choice C) is generally viewed positively as it empowers nurses, and improving salaries (choice D) is important but may not directly address patient safety concerns related to staffing levels.
Select the cranial nerve that is accurately paired with its name.
- A. The fourth cranial nerve: The trochlear nerve
- B. The twelfth cranial nerve: The hypoglossal nerve
- C. The tenth cranial nerve: The olfactory nerve
- D. The thirteenth cranial nerve: The auditory nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The twelfth cranial nerve is the hypoglossal nerve, which controls the muscles of the tongue. The other choices are incorrect because the trochlear nerve is the fourth cranial nerve responsible for eye movement, the olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve responsible for the sense of smell, and there are only twelve cranial nerves, so there is no thirteenth cranial nerve.
Which of the following is an important aspect of healthcare leadership?
- A. Authoritarian decision-making
- B. Collaborative teamwork
- C. Limiting staff input
- D. Focusing only on financial outcomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Collaborative teamwork is indeed an important aspect of healthcare leadership. In the healthcare field, effective leadership often involves working collaboratively with a team of diverse professionals to provide the best possible care for patients. This approach encourages communication, shared decision-making, and leveraging the expertise of each team member to achieve optimal outcomes. Choices A, C, and D are not ideal aspects of healthcare leadership. Authoritarian decision-making can hinder team morale and creativity, limiting staff input diminishes the value of diverse perspectives, and focusing only on financial outcomes may compromise patient care and staff well-being.