Nokea
Which of the following is not true about Pure Experimental research?
- A. There is a control group
- B. There is an experimental group
- C. Selection of subjects in the control group is randomized
- D. There is a careful selection of subjects in the experimental group
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In Pure Experimental research, subjects in the experimental group are typically selected randomly to minimize bias and ensure that the results are attributable to the intervention being studied. Therefore, the statement 'There is a careful selection of subjects in the experimental group' is not true. This careful selection would introduce bias and compromise the validity of the experimental results. Choices A, B, and C are true for Pure Experimental research as it involves both a control group, an experimental group, and randomization of subject selection in the control group to ensure comparability.
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Which of the following is a form of primary prevention?
- A. Regular Check-ups
- B. Regular Screening
- C. Self-Medication
- D. Immunization
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Immunization.' Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs by preventing exposure to risk factors. Immunization is a classic example of primary prevention as it helps prevent the development of infectious diseases. Choice A, 'Regular Check-ups,' is more related to secondary prevention by detecting diseases early. Choice B, 'Regular Screening,' is also more aligned with secondary prevention as it involves early detection of diseases. Choice C, 'Self-Medication,' is not a form of primary prevention but rather a risky practice that can lead to adverse outcomes.
You are to measure the client's initial blood pressure reading by doing all of the following EXCEPT:
- A. Take the blood pressure reading on both arms for comparison
- B. Listen to and identify the phases of Korotkoff sounds
- C. Pump the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point where the pulse is obliterated
- D. Observe procedures for infection control
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When measuring blood pressure, it is crucial to follow specific steps to obtain accurate readings. Taking the blood pressure on both arms for comparison helps assess any variations. Pumping the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point of pulse obliteration ensures accurate measurements. Observing procedures for infection control is vital to prevent the spread of infections. Listening to and identifying the phases of Korotkoff sounds are associated with auscultatory blood pressure measurements, not the initial blood pressure reading process.
Which of the four phases of emergency management is defined as 'sustained action that reduces or eliminates long-term risk to people and property from natural hazards and their effects'?
- A. Recovery
- B. Mitigation
- C. Response
- D. Preparedness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Mitigation.' Mitigation is the phase of emergency management that focuses on sustained actions aimed at reducing or eliminating long-term risks to people and property from natural hazards. Recovery (A) involves restoring and rebuilding infrastructure, housing, and services after a disaster. Response (C) deals with immediate actions taken to save lives and prevent further damage during a disaster. Preparedness (D) involves planning, training, and equipping organizations and communities to effectively respond to emergencies.
Overdosage of medication or anesthetic can happen even with the aid of technology like infusion pumps, sphygmomanometer, and similar devices/machines. As a staff member, how can you improve the safety of using infusion pumps?
- A. Check the functionality of the pump before use
- B. Select the brand of infusion pump carefully
- C. Allow the technician to set the infusion pump before use
- D. Verify the flow rate against your calculation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To enhance the safety of using infusion pumps, it is crucial to verify the flow rate against your calculation. This step ensures that the prescribed dosage is being delivered accurately, reducing the risk of medication errors. Checking the functionality of the pump before use (Choice A) is also important to ensure it is working properly. Allowing the technician to set the pump (Choice C) may not always guarantee the correct settings. Selecting the brand of infusion pump carefully (Choice B) is not directly related to the safe use of the pump.
In monitoring the patient in PACU, the nurse correctly identifies that checking the patient's vital signs is done every:
- A. 1 hour
- B. 5 minutes
- C. 15 minutes
- D. 30 minutes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Vital signs monitoring in the PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) is typically done every hour to closely monitor the patient's condition during the immediate postoperative period. This frequency allows the nurse to promptly identify any changes in the patient's vital signs and intervene as necessary. Choice B (5 minutes) is too frequent for routine vital signs monitoring in the PACU and may not allow for a comprehensive assessment of the patient's stability. Choice C (15 minutes) and Choice D (30 minutes) are also not in line with the standard practice of vital signs monitoring in the PACU, which is typically hourly.