Nokea
What should the nurse include in the discharge instructions for the parents of an infant diagnosed with acute otitis media?
- A. Keep the baby in an elevated position during sleep
- B. Administer an antibiotic
- C. Place the baby to sleep with a bottle
- D. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve discomfort
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is recommended to help relieve the discomfort associated with acute otitis media, such as pain and fever. Elevating the baby's head during sleep can also help with drainage and relieve pressure, making choice A incorrect. Administering an antibiotic may be necessary for bacterial otitis media but is not usually the first-line treatment for acute otitis media, so choice B is incorrect. Placing the baby to sleep with a bottle can increase the risk of ear infections due to the pooling of milk around the Eustachian tube, so choice C is incorrect.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 14-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB). Which assessment findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Cyanosis and dyspnea
- B. Productive cough and high fever
- C. Barking cough and inspiratory stridor
- D. Pale laryngeal and dyspnea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Barking cough and inspiratory stridor.' Classic signs of laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) include a barking cough, often described as a seal-like cough, and inspiratory stridor, which is a high-pitched sound heard during inspiration. These symptoms occur due to inflammation and narrowing of the upper airway. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the typical assessment findings of LTB. Cyanosis and dyspnea (Choice A) may occur in severe cases but are not specific to LTB. Productive cough and high fever (Choice B) are more indicative of lower respiratory tract infections. Pale laryngeal and dyspnea (Choice D) are not characteristic findings of LTB.
Parents of a child who will need hemodialysis ask the nurse, What are the advantages of a fistula over a graft or external access device for hemodialysis? (Select all that apply.)
- A. It is ready to be used immediately.
- B. All below
- C. There is less restriction of activity with a fistula.
- D. It produces dilation and thickening of the superficial vessels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A fistula typically has fewer complications, allows for greater freedom of movement, and involves natural vessel changes that improve dialysis efficiency. However, it is not ready for immediate use, which is why it may take weeks to mature before it can be used.
What condition is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children?
- A. Pyelonephritis
- B. Tubular destruction
- C. Severe dehydration
- D. Upper tract obstruction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe dehydration is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children, as it leads to prerenal azotemia, which can progress to renal failure if not corrected. Other causes like pyelonephritis and tubular destruction are less common and usually secondary to other conditions.
What are signs and symptoms of a possible kidney transplant rejection in a child? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Fever
- B. Hypotension
- C. All are applicable
- D. Swelling and tenderness of graft area
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Signs of kidney transplant rejection include fever, diminished urinary output, and swelling/tenderness in the graft area. These symptoms indicate that the body may be rejecting the transplanted organ, requiring immediate medical attention.
The nurse is caring for a child with Beta Thalassemia. Which child is in a group most at risk for Beta Thalassemia?
- A. A three-year-old girl of Mediterranean descent.
- B. A ten-year-old boy of Hispanic descent.
- C. A young girl of African descent.
- D. A baby of European descent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Beta Thalassemia is most common in individuals of Mediterranean descent, such as those from Italy, Greece, and the Middle East. This genetic disorder affects hemoglobin production and can lead to severe anemia. Choice A is the correct answer as individuals of Mediterranean descent are at the highest risk for Beta Thalassemia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not belong to the population group most at risk for this genetic disorder.