Nokea
Which method of temperature regulation would safely and effectively prevent cold stress in a newly delivered infant?
- A. Wrap the baby loosely with a blanket.
- B. Be sure the baby's feet are covered.
- C. Cover the baby's head with a hat.
- D. Position the baby on a heating pad.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cover the baby's head with a hat. Infants lose a significant amount of heat through their heads, so covering the head with a hat helps prevent heat loss and cold stress. Option A does not provide enough insulation to prevent cold stress. Option B only addresses the feet, while the head is a major heat loss area. Option D poses a risk of overheating and burns.
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A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI). The parent is concerned about recognizing the signs and symptoms of future UTIs. Which of the following statements made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the manifestations of a UTI?
- A. I should look for more frequent urination and strong-smelling urine.
- B. My child would have tea-colored urine and puffiness around the eyes.
- C. I should observe for episodes of nausea and less frequent urination.
- D. My child would have pale-colored urine and abdominal tenderness and pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent urination and strong-smelling urine are classic signs of a UTI.
If a pregnant client diagnosed with gestational diabetes cannot maintain control of her blood sugar by diet alone, which medication will she receive?
- A. Metformin (Glucophage)
- B. Glucagon
- C. Insulin
- D. Glyburide (DiaBeta)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insulin. Insulin is the preferred medication for managing gestational diabetes as it is safe for the fetus and provides precise blood sugar control. Metformin (A) and Glyburide (D) are alternatives if insulin is not tolerated, but they may cross the placenta and have potential risks. Glucagon (B) is not used for diabetes management but for treating severe hypoglycemia.
A child diagnosed with asthma begins corticosteroid treatments. The nurse explains to the parents that the purpose of corticosteroid treatment is to produce which therapeutic effect?
- A. Dilation of bronchial airways
- B. Decrease bronchospasms
- C. Prevention of infection
- D. Anti-inflammatory effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Corticosteroid usage is common for decreasing inflammation of the bronchial airways. While dilation of bronchial airways and decrease in bronchospasms are effects of other medications like albuterol and beta-2 agonists, corticosteroids specifically target inflammation, which is a key component in managing chronic asthma.
A nurse has reinforced teaching to the parent of a 9-month-old infant who has redness in the diaper area and inner thighs. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a correct understanding of this teaching?
- A. I can use a hair dryer on the reddened skin to help with the drying.
- B. I can use powder after diaper changes to absorb excess moisture.
- C. I can use cloth diapers with rubber outer pants until the rash clears.
- D. I can keep the diaper off to expose the skin to air.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exposing the skin to air helps prevent irritation and promotes healing.
Which procedure should be avoided for the client known to have a placenta previa?
- A. A non-stress test
- B. A urinary catheterization
- C. A sterile vaginal exam
- D. An abdominal ultrasound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A sterile vaginal exam. Placenta previa involves the placenta partially or fully covering the cervix, making a vaginal exam risky due to potential disruption of the placenta and causing severe bleeding. This procedure should be avoided to prevent harm to the client and the baby. A: A non-stress test, D: An abdominal ultrasound, and B: A urinary catheterization are safe procedures that do not pose a risk to the client with placenta previa.