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To overcome some of the limitations of traditional developmental designs, investigators sometimes use __________ designs, in which they conduct several similar cross-sectional or longitudinal studies.
- A. sequential
- B. experimental
- C. correlational
- D. quasi-experimental
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sequential designs involve conducting multiple similar cross-sectional or longitudinal studies to overcome limitations of traditional developmental designs. By combining different types of study designs, researchers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of development over time. This approach allows for more robust conclusions and can help address potential confounding variables that may impact the results.
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Dr. Whiren studies how culture is transmitted to the next generation. Dr. Whiren's research best aligns with the perspective of which theorist?
- A. Jean Piaget
- B. John Bowlby
- C. Lev Vygotsky
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dr. Whiren's study on how culture is transmitted to the next generation aligns best with the perspective of Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky was a developmental psychologist who emphasized the importance of social interactions and cultural influences in shaping cognitive development. He believed that children learn through interactions with others and that culture plays a significant role in this learning process.
The yolk sac __________.
- A. forms during the third trimester of pregnancy
- B. is the outer ring of cells that surrounds the blastocyst Copyright ƒâ€š‚© 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 3 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
- C. produces blood cells until the organs are mature enough to take over this function
- D. contains one large vein that delivers blood loaded with nutrients and two arteries that remove waste
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The yolk sac is an extraembryonic membrane that plays a significant role in the early development of the embryo. One of its functions is to produce blood cells until the organs are mature enough to take over this function. This process occurs during the early stages of prenatal development to support the growing embryo before it can sustain itself independently.
Newborns of smoking mothers __________.
- A. are more attentive to sounds
- B. display more muscle tension
- C. less often have colic
- D. are less excitable when visually stimulated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborns of smoking mothers display more muscle tension. This is because nicotine in cigarettes can lead to increased muscle tension in babies, which can affect their physical development and potentially lead to future health issues. This is one of the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on the developing fetus.
People born during the baby boom between 1946 and 1964 tend to be alike in ways that set them apart from people born at other times due to __________ influences.
- A. age-graded
- B. history-graded
- C. nonnormative
- D. bio-historical
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: People born during the baby boom between 1946 and 1964 tend to be alike in ways that set them apart from people born at other times due to history-graded influences. These influences refer to the events and conditions that are common to a particular historical era and can significantly shape the development and experiences of individuals who live through them. The post-World War II era, economic prosperity, and social changes during the baby boom period are examples of historical events that have had a lasting impact on this generation.
The __________ reflex helps a newborn find the nipple.
- A. rooting
- B. Moro
- C. Babinski
- D. tonic neck
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The rooting reflex is the correct answer. This reflex helps a newborn baby find the nipple by turning their head and opening their mouth when their cheek is stroked or touched. This is crucial for the baby to locate and latch onto the mother's breast for feeding. The rooting reflex typically disappears around 4 months of age.