Which of the following is not a characteristic of an ideal contraceptive?
- A. Irreversible
- B. Easily available
- C. User-friendly
- D. Effective with least side effects
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Irreversible.' An ideal contraceptive should not be irreversible because it should allow individuals to have the option to discontinue its use if desired. Choices B, C, and D are characteristics of an ideal contraceptive. Contraceptives should be easily available to ensure widespread accessibility, user-friendly to promote proper and consistent use, and effective with minimal side effects to maximize safety and tolerability.
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What does Informed Consent mean?
- A. A patient has the right to know what a procedure involves before it is performed.
- B. Forcing all patients scheduled for surgery to sign a consent form.
- C. Telling the patient to sign the consent form without explanation.
- D. Allowing patients to undergo procedures without their consent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informed Consent means that a patient has the right to be informed about what a procedure involves before it is performed. Choice B is incorrect because consent should not be forced, and patients should have the opportunity to understand what they are agreeing to. Choice C is incorrect as it goes against the essence of informed consent, which requires explanation. Choice D is incorrect as it contradicts the fundamental principle of requiring patient consent before procedures.
Expanded access to family planning through non-public delivery systems is facilitated by all of the following EXCEPT:
- A. By using the private sector and social marketing
- B. Community-based programs
- C. Information, Education, and Communication
- D. Key persons in the community
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Expanded access to family planning through non-public delivery systems involves utilizing various strategies to reach more people. Options A, B, and C are all effective methods for expanding access to family planning services. The involvement of key persons in the community is not a typical approach for non-public delivery systems. Key persons in the community may have influence but may not be directly involved in the delivery of family planning services, making option D the correct answer.
What type of epithelium lines the fallopian tubes?
- A. Ciliated epithelium.
- B. Stratified epithelium.
- C. Columnar epithelium.
- D. Endometrium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ciliated epithelium. The fallopian tubes are lined with ciliated epithelium, which helps to move the egg from the ovary to the uterus. Choice B, Stratified epithelium, is incorrect because the fallopian tubes are lined with a single layer of cells. Choice C, Columnar epithelium, is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the lining of the fallopian tubes. Choice D, Endometrium, is incorrect because the endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus, not the fallopian tubes.
Risk of endometrial hyperplasia is greatest in individuals who do not menstruate for at least _____ months and require immediate referral:
- A. 2 months
- B. 3 months
- C. 4 months
- D. 5 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: '4 months.' The risk of endometrial hyperplasia is highest in individuals who do not menstruate for at least 4 months. This prolonged exposure to unopposed estrogen can lead to endometrial hyperplasia. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the risk is greatest after at least 4 months of not menstruating, not 2, 3, or 5 months.
In which of the following types of spontaneous abortions would the nurse assess dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test?
- A. Threatened
- B. Imminent
- C. Missed
- D. Incomplete
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test are characteristic of a missed abortion. In a missed abortion, the fetus has died, but the products of conception are retained in the uterus. This can lead to symptoms like dark brown vaginal discharge as the body tries to expel the nonviable pregnancy. A threatened abortion is characterized by vaginal bleeding without dilation of the cervix, and the pregnancy remains viable. Imminent abortion involves cervical dilation and effacement with no passage of tissue. In an incomplete abortion, only part of the products of conception are expelled, leading to persistent bleeding and cramping.