Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf related questions and content

Which type of medication is used to reduce the workload on the heart by slowing down the heart rate and lowering blood pressure?

  • A. Beta-blocker
  • B. ACE inhibitor
  • C. Calcium channel blocker
  • D. Diuretic
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Beta-blocker. Beta-blockers reduce the workload on the heart by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta receptors, slowing down heart rate and lowering blood pressure. This helps to decrease the heart's oxygen demand and improve its efficiency. ACE inhibitors (B) work by dilating blood vessels, Calcium channel blockers (C) block calcium entry into cells to relax blood vessels, and Diuretics (D) reduce blood volume by increasing urine output, but they do not specifically target reducing the workload on the heart.

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A patient with cardiogenic shock receives a nursing diagnosis of decreased cardiac output. With the appropriate interventions, the anticipated outcome is for the patient to achieve:

  • A. baseline activity level.
  • B. baseline cardiac function.
  • C. decreased afterload.
  • D. reduced anxiety.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Restoring baseline cardiac function is the goal in managing decreased cardiac output.

While completing a nursing admission history, you obtain this information about the patient's cardiovascular risk factors: patient's mother and two siblings have had myocardial infarctions. Patient smokes and has a 20 pack/year history of cigarette use. Her work as a mail carrier involves a lot of walking. She takes metoprolol (Lopressor) for hypertension and her blood pressure has been in the range of 130/60 to 140/85. Which interventions will be most important to include in the discharge plan? (Choose all that apply.)

  • A. Refer to community programs that assist in smoking cessation.
  • B. Teach about the impact of family history on cardiovascular risk.
  • C. Educate about the need for a change in antihypertensive therapy.
  • D. Assist in reducing the stress associated with her cardiovascular risk.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Smoking cessation is crucial given her history and risk factors.

Nurse's role in management of client with permanent pacemaker implant.

  • A. Monitoring
  • B. Education
  • C. Both A and B
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nurses monitor device function and educate patients about care.

In developing a plan of care in relation to Mr. Robertson's diuretic therapy, it would be most important to

  • A. Monitor vital signs frequently
  • B. Give the Lasix with milk
  • C. Observe for fluid overload
  • D. Observe for signs of hypokalemia
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hypokalemia is a common side effect of diuretics.

Which disease is characterized by the damage to the alveoli in the lungs, leading to breathlessness?

  • A. Emphysema
  • B. Pulmonary fibrosis
  • C. Lung cancer
  • D. Lung abscess
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Emphysema. This disease is characterized by the destruction of alveoli, leading to breathlessness. Emphysema is typically caused by smoking, resulting in the breakdown of lung tissue and reduced oxygen exchange. Pulmonary fibrosis (B) involves scarring of lung tissue, not alveolar damage. Lung cancer (C) is characterized by the growth of abnormal cells in the lung, not alveolar destruction. Lung abscess (D) is a localized infection in the lung, not related to alveolar damage causing breathlessness.

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