Nokea
A nurse is providing prenatal care to a pregnant client. At which time would the nurse expect to screen the client for group B streptococcus infection?
- A. 28 weeks' gestation
- B. 32 weeks' gestation
- C. 16 weeks' gestation
- D. 36 weeks' gestation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Screening for group B streptococcus (GBS) is done at 35-37 weeks (36 weeks is closest) to assess colonization status near delivery, guiding intrapartum antibiotic use to prevent neonatal infection. Earlier screening (16, 28, or 32 weeks) may not reflect status at birth, as GBS colonization can change.
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A pregnant client in her second trimester has a hemoglobin level of 11 g/dL. The nurse interprets this as indicating
- A. Hemodilution of pregnancy
- B. A multiple gestation pregnancy
- C. Greater-than-expected weight gain
- D. Iron-deficiency anemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemodilution of pregnancy occurs as plasma volume increases more than red blood cell mass, lowering hemoglobin to 10.5-14 g/dL in the second trimester, which includes 11 g/dL. Multiple gestation may raise hemoglobin, weight gain doesn't affect it, and iron-deficiency anemia typically shows lower hemoglobin with symptoms like fatigue.
A nurse is planning a presentation about HIV for a church-based group. Which of the following information about HIV transmission should the nurse include?
- A. It is primarily transmitted through mosquitoes.
- B. It is primarily transmitted through accidental puncture wounds.
- C. It is primarily transmitted through sexual contact.
- D. It is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact involving infected fluids like semen or vaginal secretions. Mosquitoes, respiratory droplets, and puncture wounds (rare) don't commonly spread HIV.
When describing perinatal education to a pregnant woman and her partner, the nurse emphasizes which goal as the primary one?
- A. Eliminate anxiety so that they can have an uncomplicated birth
- B. Empower the couple to take control over their pregnancy and birth
- C. Equip a couple with the knowledge to experience a positive birth
- D. Provide knowledge and skills that will help them cope with labor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Perinatal education aims to prepare couples for a positive birth by providing knowledge for informed decisions and coping strategies, enhancing satisfaction and well-being. Eliminating anxiety is unrealistic, control is partial, and labor skills are only one aspect.
A nurse is teaching a pregnant client in her first trimester about discomforts that she may experience. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which discomforts as common during the first trimester? Select all that apply.
- A. Breast tenderness
- B. Urinary frequency
- C. Backache
- D. Cravings
- E. Leg cramps
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: First trimester discomforts include breast tenderness (hormonal growth), urinary frequency (bladder pressure), and cravings (taste changes). Backache and leg cramps typically occur later due to weight and nerve pressure.
Assessment of a pregnant woman and her fetus reveals tachycardia and hypertension. There is also evidence suggesting vasoconstriction. The nurse would question the woman about use of which substance?
- A. Marijuana
- B. Cocaine
- C. Nicotine
- D. Caffeine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cocaine causes tachycardia, hypertension, and vasoconstriction, risking placental abruption and fetal distress. Marijuana causes relaxation, nicotine raises heart rate but vasodilates, and caffeine mildly stimulates but doesn't constrict vessels.