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Which stage of labor is characterized by the birth of the baby?
- A. First stage
- B. Second stage
- C. Third stage
- D. Fourth stage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Second stage. This stage of labor is characterized by the birth of the baby. It begins with complete dilation of the cervix and ends with the delivery of the baby. During this stage, contractions are strong and frequent, helping to push the baby out. The first stage (choice A) involves the onset of labor and the opening of the cervix. The third stage (choice C) involves the delivery of the placenta. The fourth stage (choice D) is the immediate postpartum period. Choices E, F, and G are not relevant to the stages of labor.
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What is the recommended method of feeding for a newborn with galactosemia?
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Formula feeding
- C. Soy-based formula feeding
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Formula feeding is recommended for newborns with galactosemia, as they cannot metabolize lactose.
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive oxytocin to augment their labor. Which of the following findings contraindicates the initiation of the oxytocin infusion and should be reported to the provider?
- A. Late decelerations.
- B. Moderate variability of the FHR.
- C. Cessation of uterine dilation.
- D. Prolonged active phase of labor.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Late decelerations in the fetal heart rate are a sign of fetal distress and contraindicate the use of oxytocin, as it can exacerbate the distress.
Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing. 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
- A. Place newborn skin to skin on birthing parents chest, Encourage birthing parents to breastfeed, Obtain prescription for arterial blood gases, Plan to initiate phototherapy, Perform neonatal abstinence system scoring
- B. Cold stress, Acute bilirubin encephalopathy, Respiratory distress syndrome, Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)
- C. Stool output, Temperature, Lung sounds, Blood glucose level, Bilirubin level
Correct Answer:
Rationale:
A nurse is preparing to perform Leopold maneuvers for a client. Identify the sequence the nurse should follow. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the order of performance. Use all the steps.)
- A. Identify the attitude of the head.
- B. Palpate the fundus to identify the fetal part.
- C. Determine the location of the fetal back.
- D. Palpate for the fetal part presenting at the inlet.
Correct Answer: B, C, D, A
Rationale: Leopold maneuvers should be performed in the following sequence: palpate the fundus, determine the location of the fetal back, palpate for the fetal part presenting at the inlet, and identify the attitude of the head.
What is the recommended method of administering erythromycin ointment to a newborn?
- A. Intramuscular injection
- B. Oral administration
- C. Topical application
- D. Subcutaneous injection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Topical application. Administering erythromycin ointment to a newborn involves applying it directly to the eyes to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis. This method ensures direct contact with the affected area, allowing for maximum effectiveness while minimizing systemic absorption and potential side effects. Intramuscular or subcutaneous injections are not appropriate for ointment administration, as they are meant for liquid medications. Oral administration would not target the eyes specifically. It is crucial to follow recommended guidelines to ensure the newborn's safety and effective treatment.