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What is the recommended method of pain relief for a woman who has a perineal laceration after delivery?
- A. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- B. Acetaminophen
- C. Sitz baths
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, All of the above. After delivery, a woman with a perineal laceration may experience pain and inflammation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. Acetaminophen can also provide pain relief without affecting inflammation. Sitz baths can help promote healing and reduce discomfort. Therefore, using all three methods together can provide comprehensive pain relief and aid in the healing process. Options A, B, and C alone may address specific aspects of pain relief but using all three together offers a more holistic approach to managing postpartum perineal pain.
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A nurse is teaching a client who is at 10 weeks of gestation about nutrition during pregnancy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. "I should increase my protein intake to 60 grams each day."
- B. "I should drink 2 liters of water each day."
- C. "I should increase my overall daily caloric intake by 300 calories."
- D. "I should take 600 micrograms of folic acid each day."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because protein is essential for fetal development and increasing protein intake to 60 grams per day is recommended during pregnancy for optimal growth. Adequate protein intake helps in the formation of new tissues and cells.
Choice B is incorrect because while staying hydrated is important during pregnancy, the specific amount of 2 liters per day is not a standard recommendation and may vary depending on individual needs.
Choice C is incorrect as increasing overall daily caloric intake by 300 calories is a general guideline, not specific to the client's gestational age.
Choice D is incorrect as while folic acid is crucial during pregnancy to prevent birth defects, the recommended daily intake is usually 400-800 micrograms, so 600 micrograms is within the range but not the best answer.
Which of the following is a professional standard for nursing practice in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Collaboration with interdisciplinary team members
- B. Advocacy for patients and families
- C. Incorporation of evidence-based practice
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, all of the above. Collaboration with interdisciplinary team members is crucial in providing holistic care in maternal and newborn healthcare. Advocacy for patients and families ensures their rights and preferences are respected. Incorporation of evidence-based practice ensures that nursing care is based on the best available research and clinical expertise. Therefore, selecting all of the above options is essential to uphold professional standards in nursing practice in maternal and newborn healthcare.
Which of the following is a potential complication of a cesarean delivery?
- A. Hemorrhage
- B. Infection
- C. Uterine rupture
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. A cesarean delivery can lead to hemorrhage due to the incision and removal of the placenta. Infection can occur at the incision site or in the uterus post-surgery. Uterine rupture is a rare but serious complication where the uterus tears open. Choosing D is correct as all these complications can potentially arise after a cesarean delivery. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not encompass all possible complications of a cesarean delivery.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a newborn whose mother tested positive for heroin during pregnancy. The newborn is experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Administer naloxone to the newborn.
- B. Swaddle the newborn with his legs extended.
- C. Maintain eye contact with the newborn during feedings
- D. Minimize noise in the newborn's environment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minimizing noise in the newborn's environment helps reduce overstimulation, which can exacerbate symptoms of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Naloxone is not used for this condition, and swaddling with legs extended is incorrect as it should be snug to provide comfort.
A nurse is caring for a client who is at 10 weeks of gestation. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Frequent vomiting with weight loss of 3 lb in 1 week
- B. Reports of mood swings
- C. Nosebleeds occurring approximately 3 times per week
- D. Increased vaginal discharge
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Frequent vomiting with weight loss of 3 lb in 1 week is concerning during the first trimester as it may indicate hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of morning sickness that can lead to dehydration and malnutrition, posing risks to both the mother and the fetus. The nurse should report this finding to the provider for further evaluation and intervention.
Incorrect choices:
B: Reports of mood swings are common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and are not typically a cause for concern at 10 weeks of gestation.
C: Nosebleeds are common in pregnancy due to increased blood volume and hormonal changes and are usually not serious unless severe or frequent.
D: Increased vaginal discharge is a normal pregnancy symptom caused by hormonal changes and increased blood flow to the pelvic area.