Nokea
A nurse is admitting a client to the birthing unit who reports her contractions started 1 hr ago. The nurse determines the client is 80% effaced and 8 cm dilated. The nurse realizes that the client is at risk for which of the following conditions?
- A. Ectopic pregnancy
- B. Hyperemesis gravidarum
- C. Incompetent cervix
- D. Postpartum hemorrhage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Postpartum hemorrhage. The nurse assessed the client to be 80% effaced and 8 cm dilated, indicating she is in active labor. This client is at risk for postpartum hemorrhage, which is excessive bleeding after childbirth due to the uterus not contracting adequately to control bleeding. The risk is higher in clients who have a rapid labor progression like this client. Ectopic pregnancy (A) is not relevant in this scenario as the client is already in labor. Hyperemesis gravidarum (B) is severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, not related to the client's current condition. Incompetent cervix (C) is the premature dilation of the cervix, not applicable at this stage of labor.
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Which of the following is a potential complication of jaundice in a newborn?
- A. Kernicterus
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Respiratory distress
- D. Sepsis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Kernicterus. Kernicterus is a rare but serious complication of severe jaundice in newborns, where bilirubin levels become excessively high and cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to brain damage. Other choices are incorrect because: B) Hypoglycemia is not directly related to jaundice, C) Respiratory distress may occur but is not a direct complication of jaundice, and D) Sepsis is a separate condition from jaundice.
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of the ovarian follicles?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Progesterone
- C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- D. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles by promoting the production of estrogen in the ovaries. It helps in the maturation of the follicles and ultimately leads to ovulation. Estrogen (A) and Progesterone (B) are hormones produced by the ovaries but do not directly stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles. Luteinizing hormone (LH) (D) is responsible for triggering ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum, not for the growth and development of ovarian follicles.
Which of the following is a potential complication of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Kernicterus
- C. Respiratory distress syndrome
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Kernicterus. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can lead to kernicterus, a condition characterized by bilirubin accumulation in the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. Hypoglycemia (choice A) and respiratory distress syndrome (choice C) are not direct complications of hyperbilirubinemia. Choice D, "All of the above," is incorrect as only kernicterus is a potential complication of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
A nurse is assessing a newborn whose mother had gestational diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
- A. Abdominal distention
- B. Petechiae
- C. Increased muscle tone
- D. Jitteriness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Jitteriness. In newborns of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia can occur due to the abrupt cessation of the maternal glucose supply. Jitteriness is a common manifestation of hypoglycemia in newborns. This is because the brain is highly dependent on glucose for energy, and low blood sugar levels can affect neurological function, leading to symptoms like jitteriness. Abdominal distention, petechiae, and increased muscle tone are not typical manifestations of hypoglycemia in newborns with a history of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is 1 hr postpartum and has peripartum cardiomyopathy. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Obtain a prescription for misoprostol.
- B. Assess blood pressure twice daily.
- C. Restrict daily oral fluid intake.
- D. Administer an IV bolus of lactated Ringer's.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess blood pressure twice daily. In peripartum cardiomyopathy, monitoring blood pressure is crucial to detect any signs of worsening cardiac function or complications. Regular assessment can help identify hypertension or hypotension, which are common in this condition. Misoprostol (A) is not indicated for peripartum cardiomyopathy. Restricting oral fluid intake (C) can be harmful as adequate hydration is important postpartum. Administering an IV bolus of lactated Ringer's (D) may not be necessary unless specifically ordered by the healthcare provider based on the client's condition.