Nokea
Which of the following is a potential barrier to patient safety in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Medication errors
- B. Inadequate staffing
- C. Patient noncompliance
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Barriers to patient safety include medication errors, inadequate staffing, and patient noncompliance.
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Which of the following is a potential ethical issue related to fetal surgery?
- A. Informed consent
- B. Allocation of resources
- C. End-of-life decision making
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informed consent is a key ethical issue in fetal surgery, ensuring parents understand the risks and benefits.
Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating milk production during lactation?
- A. Progesterone
- B. Estrogen
- C. Prolactin
- D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating milk production during lactation.
Which stage of labor is characterized by the period between the end of the third stage and the mother's recovery from delivery?
- A. First stage
- B. Second stage
- C. Third stage
- D. Fourth stage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fourth stage. The fourth stage of labor is the period immediately following the delivery of the baby and placenta, lasting up to 2 hours. This stage is crucial for monitoring the mother's vital signs and ensuring she recovers from the delivery process. It is characterized by postpartum uterine contractions, monitoring for excessive bleeding, and observing for signs of maternal complications. The first stage refers to the onset of labor until full dilation, the second stage is active labor and delivery of the baby, and the third stage is the delivery of the placenta. Therefore, the fourth stage is specifically focused on the mother's recovery from delivery, making it the correct choice.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a newborn who is to undergo phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Feed the newborn 1 oz of water every 4 hr.
- B. Apply lotion to the newborn’s skin three times per day.
- C. Remove all clothing from the newborn except the diaper.
- D. Discontinue therapy if the newborn develops a rash.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remove all clothing from the newborn except the diaper. This is essential during phototherapy to maximize the skin's exposure to the light. The light helps breakdown bilirubin in the skin, reducing jaundice. Choice A is incorrect as water will not treat hyperbilirubinemia. Choice B is incorrect as lotions can interfere with the effectiveness of phototherapy. Choice D is incorrect as a rash is a common side effect of phototherapy and should not lead to discontinuation unless severe.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports spontaneous rupture of membranes. The nurse observes fetal bradycardia on the FHR tracing and notices that the umbilical cord is protruding. After calling for assistance and notifying the provider, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
- A. Perform a vaginal examination by applying upward pressure on the presenting part.
- B. Cover the umbilical cord with a sterile saline-saturated towel.
- C. Administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 8 L/min.
- D. Initiate an infusion of IV fluids for the client.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cover the umbilical cord with a sterile saline-saturated towel. This action is crucial in preventing compression and desiccation of the umbilical cord, which could lead to decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery to the fetus. By covering the cord, the nurse can protect it from further damage while waiting for emergency intervention. Performing a vaginal examination (choice A) could worsen the situation by causing more pressure on the cord. Administering oxygen (choice C) may be important later but is not the immediate priority. Initiating IV fluids (choice D) is not the most urgent action in this scenario.