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What is the recommended method of feeding for a term infant?
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Formula feeding
- C. Bottle feeding with breast milk
- D. Parenteral nutrition
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Breastfeeding is the recommended method for a term infant due to its numerous benefits, such as providing essential nutrients, antibodies, and promoting bonding. Breast milk is easily digestible and tailored to the baby's needs, reducing the risk of infections and allergies. It also supports the infant's optimal growth and development. Formula feeding, while a valid alternative, lacks the same level of antibodies and nutrients found in breast milk. Bottle feeding with breast milk is a suitable option if direct breastfeeding is not possible. Parenteral nutrition, on the other hand, is an intravenous method used for infants with specific medical needs and is not the recommended standard method of feeding for healthy term infants.
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A nurse is developing a plan of care for a newborn whose mother tested positive for heroin during pregnancy. The newborn is experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Administer naloxone to the newborn.
- B. Swaddle the newborn with his legs extended.
- C. Maintain eye contact with the newborn during feedings
- D. Minimize noise in the newborn's environment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minimizing noise in the newborn's environment helps reduce overstimulation, which can exacerbate symptoms of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Naloxone is not used for this condition, and swaddling with legs extended is incorrect as it should be snug to provide comfort.
Which of the following is a potential barrier to evidence-based practice in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Lack of access to up-to-date research
- B. Resistance to change
- C. Limited resources
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All the options listed (lack of access to research resistance to change and limited resources) are common barriers to implementing evidence-based practice in healthcare settings. These factors can hinder the adoption of new practices and the improvement of care quality.
What is the recommended method of contraception for a woman who is breastfeeding?
- A. Combined oral contraceptives
- B. Depo-Provera injection
- C. Copper intrauterine device (IUD)
- D. Progestin-only pills
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Progestin-only pills. Progestin-only pills are recommended for breastfeeding women as they do not affect milk supply. These pills are safe to use during lactation and have minimal impact on the infant. Combined oral contraceptives (A) are not recommended due to potential negative effects on milk supply. Depo-Provera injection (B) may also decrease milk supply. Copper IUD (C) is generally safe but may cause heavier periods. Progestin-only pills (D) are the most suitable option for breastfeeding women due to their minimal impact on milk production and infant health.
Which of the following is a potential complication of maternal obesity during pregnancy?
- A. Gestational diabetes
- B. Preterm labor
- C. Fetal macrosomia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maternal obesity can lead to gestational diabetes, preterm labor, and fetal macrosomia.
A nurse is caring for a client who is in active labor and notes the FHR baseline has been 100/min for the past 15 min. The nurse should identify which of the following conditions as a possible cause of fetal bradycardia?
- A. Maternal hypoglycemia
- B. Chorioamnionitis
- C. Fetal anemia
- D. Maternal fever
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fetal anemia can lead to bradycardia due to reduced oxygen delivery to the fetal heart.