Nokea
A nurse is assessing a newborn who was born postterm. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Large deposits of subcutaneous fat
- B. Thin covering of fine hair on shoulders and back
- C. Nails extending over tips of fingers
- D. Pale, translucent skin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nails extending over tips of fingers. This is expected in postterm newborns due to prolonged intrauterine growth. The nails continue to grow in utero, leading to longer nails at birth. Large deposits of subcutaneous fat (option A) are typically seen in term newborns, not postterm. Thin covering of fine hair on shoulders and back (option B) is known as lanugo, which is more common in premature infants. Pale, translucent skin (option D) is also more common in premature infants due to decreased subcutaneous fat. Therefore, the correct answer is C, nails extending over tips of fingers, as it is a characteristic finding in postterm newborns.
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What is the recommended method of administering erythromycin ointment to a newborn?
- A. Intramuscular injection
- B. Oral administration
- C. Topical application
- D. Subcutaneous injection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Topical application. Administering erythromycin ointment to a newborn involves applying it directly to the eyes to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis. This method ensures direct contact with the affected area, allowing for maximum effectiveness while minimizing systemic absorption and potential side effects. Intramuscular or subcutaneous injections are not appropriate for ointment administration, as they are meant for liquid medications. Oral administration would not target the eyes specifically. It is crucial to follow recommended guidelines to ensure the newborn's safety and effective treatment.
A nurse is performing an initial assessment of a newborn who was delivered with a nuchal cord. Which of the following clinical findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Telangiectatic nevi
- B. Facial petechiae
- C. Periauricular papillomas
- D. Erythema toxicum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Facial petechiae. A nuchal cord is when the umbilical cord is wrapped around the baby's neck at birth. This can cause pressure on the baby's face, leading to small red or purple spots called petechiae. This is due to burst blood vessels from the pressure. Telangiectatic nevi (choice A) are unrelated birthmarks. Periauricular papillomas (choice C) are benign skin growths that are not associated with nuchal cords. Erythema toxicum (choice D) is a common benign rash in newborns, not specifically linked to nuchal cords.
What is the function of the placenta during pregnancy?
- A. To protect the fetus from infection
- B. To remove waste products from the fetus
- C. To facilitate nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and fetus
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The placenta protects the fetus, removes waste, and facilitates nutrient and gas exchange.
A nurse is assessing a client who gave birth vaginally 12 hr ago and palpates their uterus to the right above the umbilicus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform?
- A. Reassess the client in 2 hr.
- B. Administer simethicone.
- C. Assist the client to empty their bladder.
- D. Instruct the client to lie on their right side.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A displaced uterus to the right above the umbilicus may indicate a full bladder. Assisting the client to empty their bladder helps the uterus return to its proper position and prevents complications like postpartum hemorrhage.
Which of the following is a potential complication of a preterm infant?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Respiratory distress syndrome
- C. Hyperbilirubinemia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Preterm infants are at increased risk for various complications due to their immature organ systems. Hypoglycemia can occur due to limited glycogen stores. Respiratory distress syndrome results from insufficient surfactant production in underdeveloped lungs. Hyperbilirubinemia is common as the liver may not efficiently process bilirubin. Choosing D is correct as all these complications can affect preterm infants. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they individually address only one potential complication, whereas D encompasses all possibilities.