Nokea
Recognised features in Marfan's syndrome include:
- A. Mutation in fibrillin gene
- B. Mitral valve prolapse
- C. Cognitive impairment
- D. Myopia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitral valve prolapse
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One of the following is a characteristic physical finding in patients with an ASD
- A. a right precordial bulge
- B. a fixed splitting of the second heart sound
- C. a systolic ejection heart murmur
- D. a short, mild left mid-diastolic murmur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fixed splitting of the second heart sound is a hallmark of an atrial septal defect.
A nurse assesses an older adult client who is experiencing a myocardial infarction. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect?
- A. Excruciating pain on inspiration
- B. Left lateral chest wall pain
- C. Disorientation and confusion
- D. Numbness and tingling of the arm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults may present with atypical symptoms of myocardial infarction, such as confusion or disorientation, rather than classic chest pain.
Which comment made by a parent of a 1-month-old would alert the nurse about the presence of a congenital heart defect?
- A. He is always hungry.
- B. He tires out during feedings.
- C. He is fussy for several hours every day.
- D. He sleeps all the time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fatigue during feeding or activity is common to most infants with congenital cardiac problems.
A client who was discharged 8 months ago with cirrhosis and ascites is admitted with anorexia and recent hemoptysis. The client is drowsy but responds to verbal stimuli. The nurse programs a blood pressure monitor to take readings every 15 minutes,. Which assessment should the nurse implement first?
- A. Evaluate distal capillary refill for delayed perfusion
- B. Check the extremities for bruising and petechiae
- C. Examine the pretibial regions for pitting edema
- D. Palpate the abdomen for tenderness and rigidity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Palpating the abdomen helps assess for complications such as peritonitis or worsening ascites.
Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans causes:
- A. Oral ulcers
- B. Cervical lymphadenopathy
- C. Microcephaly
- D. Chorioretinitis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chorioretinitis is a hallmark of congenital toxoplasmosis, leading to vision impairment.