Nokea
What is the meaning of endocytosis?
- A. The cell engulfs solid particles.
- B. The cell engulfs liquid material.
- C. The cell expels solid particles.
- D. The cell releases liquid material.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Endocytosis is a cellular process where the cell engulfs and internalizes solid particles by forming vesicles. It is a mechanism used for nutrient uptake, cell signaling, and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Options B, C, and D describe processes that are opposite to endocytosis. Choice B is incorrect because it describes pinocytosis, which is the process of engulfing liquid material. Choice C is incorrect as it describes exocytosis, the process of expelling material from the cell. Choice D is incorrect as it describes the process of releasing liquid material from the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is A.
You may also like to solve these questions
How many bones are found in the human skull?
- A. Approximately 5
- B. Approximately 30
- C. Approximately 60
- D. Approximately 210
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Approximately 30. The human skull is composed of 22 bones that are fused together. These 22 bones consist of 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones, totaling approximately 30 bones in total. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the human skull does not have as few as 5 bones, as many as 60 bones, or as many as 210 bones. Understanding the basic anatomy of the skull helps in identifying the correct number of bones it comprises.
The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What area is he describing?
- A. Epiphysis
- B. Articular cartilage
- C. Perichondrium
- D. Diaphysis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The diaphysis is the correct answer in this scenario. It refers to the middle or shaft region of a long bone like the humerus. The epiphysis is the end of a long bone, while articular cartilage is the smooth tissue covering the ends of bones at a joint. The perichondrium is the dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds cartilage.
The spleen is part of which system?
- A. nervous system
- B. integumentary system
- C. lymphatic system
- D. urinary system
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: lymphatic system. The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, responsible for filtering blood, producing and storing white blood cells, and aiding the body in fighting infections. The lymphatic system is crucial for maintaining the body's immune defenses and fluid balance. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the spleen is not part of the nervous system, integumentary system, or urinary system.
Which neurotransmitter controls sleep, mood, and appetite?
- A. Serotonin
- B. Oxytocin
- C. Cortisol
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serotonin is the correct answer. It is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite. Serotonin functions to stabilize and control these physiological processes in the brain and body. Imbalances in serotonin levels are commonly linked to conditions like depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. Oxytocin (Choice B) is more associated with social bonding and childbirth. Cortisol (Choice C) is a stress hormone, and while it can influence mood and appetite in response to stress, it is not primarily responsible for regulating these functions. Aldosterone (Choice D) is a hormone that regulates electrolyte balance and blood pressure, not mood, sleep, and appetite.
Which of the following statements is anatomically correct?
- A. The knee is distal to the ankle.
- B. The heart is inferior to the diaphragm.
- C. The hip is proximal to the knee.
- D. The wrist is proximal to the elbow.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term 'proximal' refers to a body part being closer to the center of the body or a point of reference. In this case, the hip is closer to the center of the body compared to the knee, which makes the statement anatomically correct. Choice A is incorrect as the knee is proximal to the ankle. Choice B is incorrect as the heart is superior to the diaphragm. Choice D is incorrect as the elbow is proximal to the wrist.