ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical

ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical Related

Review ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical related questions and content

A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?

  • A. The client who has been NPO since midnight for endoscopy
  • B. The client who has left-sided heart failure and has a brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 600 pg/mL
  • C. The client who has end-stage renal failure and is scheduled for dialysis today
  • D. The client who has gastroenteritis and is febrile
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: The client with gastroenteritis is at risk for fluid volume deficit due to vomiting and diarrhea, leading to loss of fluids.
Step 2: Febrile state increases fluid loss through sweating.
Step 3: Combining gastroenteritis and fever exacerbates fluid loss, making this client at high risk.
Step 4: Clients A, B, and C do not have immediate factors contributing to fluid volume deficit as evident from their conditions.
Summary: Client D is at risk due to gastroenteritis and fever causing significant fluid loss. Clients A, B, and C do not have conditions directly leading to fluid deficit.

You may also like to solve these questions

To offer the most effective program with the best outcomes, the nurses should initially

  • A. Search for an article that describes nursing interventions that are effective for smoking cessation
  • B. Develop a clinical question that will allow them to compare different cessation methods during the program
  • C. Keep comprehensive records that detail each patient’s progress and ultimate outcomes from participation in the program
  • D. Use evidence-based clinical practice guidelines developed from reviews of randomized controlled trials of smoking cessation methods
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using evidence-based guidelines ensures the program is grounded in proven methodologies, leading to better outcomes.

A client continually repeats phrases that others have just said. The nurse recognizes this behavior as:

  • A. Autistic.
  • B. Ecopraxic.
  • C. Echolalic.
  • D. Catatonic.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases heard from others.

Which of the following nursing actions is helpful for older clients who are experiencing lens changes associated with aging?

  • A. Offering teaching aids with large-sized letters
  • B. Suggesting reduced visual activity such as reading or watching television
  • C. Suggesting the use of eye drops for comfort
  • D. Suggesting the use of glasses or contact lenses
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Large-sized letters help compensate for decreased visual acuity due to aging-related lens changes.

What diet would be most appropriate for Mr. Puff on discharge?

  • A. Low-calorie, low-sodium
  • B. Regular, with increase in milk and milk products
  • C. Regular, with increase in onions, peas, cabbage
  • D. Soft, with small frequent feedings
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Small, frequent meals prevent overeating and reduce respiratory workload.

For care of a patient who has oral cancer, which task would be appropriate to delegate to the LPN/LVN?

  • A. Assist the patient to brush and floss.
  • B. Give antacids and sucralfate suspension as ordered.
  • C. Recommend saliva substitutes.
  • D. Explain when brushing and flossing are contraindicated.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Assisting with oral hygiene is within the scope of practice for LPNs/LVNs, while medication administration and patient education require higher-level training.

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