Nokea
A case manager is likely to have how many years of nursing education?
- A. 1 to 1.5
- B. 4 to 6
- C. 2
- D. 8 or more
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 2 years. A case manager typically requires a minimum of 2 years of nursing education to effectively coordinate care for patients. This level of education provides the necessary knowledge and skills to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate patient care.
- A: 1 to 1.5 years - Insufficient to acquire the depth of knowledge needed for case management.
- B: 4 to 6 years - Excessive for the role of a case manager, as it typically does not require a bachelor's degree.
- D: 8 or more years - Overqualified for the position of a case manager, as this level of education is beyond what is necessary for the role.
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Which action should the nurse take when addressing older adults?
- A. Speak in an exaggerated pitch.
- B. Use a lower quality of speech.
- C. Use endearing terms such as 'honey.'
- D. Speak clearly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Speak clearly. This is important when addressing older adults as many may have hearing impairments. Speaking clearly helps ensure they can understand and follow instructions. Using an exaggerated pitch (A) may come across as patronizing. Using a lower quality of speech (B) can be perceived as disrespectful. Using endearing terms (C) may not be appropriate for all individuals and can be seen as condescending. In summary, speaking clearly is the most effective way to communicate respectfully with older adults.
Identify the correct statement describing the abuse of elderly persons in the United States.
- A. Elder abuse is the most often reported form of domestic violence
- B. Statistically, neglect is the most common form of elder abuse
- C. Most cases of elder abuse are reported to the proper authorities
- D. Healthcare practitioners are only mandated to report verified, not suspected, cases of elder abuse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Statistically, neglect is the most common form of elder abuse. Neglect involves the failure to provide necessary care or assistance to an elderly person, making it a prevalent form of elder abuse. This is supported by research and studies on elder abuse cases.
A is incorrect because elder abuse is often underreported compared to other forms of domestic violence.
C is incorrect as many cases of elder abuse go unreported due to various reasons such as fear, shame, or lack of awareness.
D is incorrect as healthcare practitioners are mandated to report any suspected cases of elder abuse, not just verified cases, to protect the well-being of the elderly.
How does loneliness affect older adults' health?
- A. It has no significant impact on health
- B. It can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and depression
- C. It improves immune function
- D. It only affects mental health, not physical health
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loneliness in older adults can lead to increased stress, inflammation, and unhealthy behaviors, all of which can elevate the risk of cardiovascular disease and depression. Social isolation can also impact mental health. Choice A is incorrect as loneliness does impact health. Choice C is incorrect as loneliness typically weakens immune function. Choice D is incorrect as loneliness affects both mental and physical health.
What is the primary reason that older adults often experience adverse drug reactions?
- A. Their body metabolizes drugs faster than younger adults
- B. They typically take fewer medications
- C. They have slower renal and hepatic function
- D. They have better immune function
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because older adults often experience adverse drug reactions due to their slower renal and hepatic function. This leads to a decreased ability to clear drugs from the body efficiently, increasing the risk of drug accumulation and toxicity. Choice A is incorrect because aging typically results in slower drug metabolism, not faster. Choice B is also incorrect as older adults tend to take more medications, increasing the likelihood of drug interactions and adverse reactions. Choice D is incorrect because aging is associated with a decline in immune function, making older adults more susceptible to adverse drug reactions.
What is the primary reason older adults with cognitive impairments experience difficulties with medication adherence?
- A. Lack of understanding of the importance of medication
- B. Cognitive decline affecting memory and decision-making
- C. Physical inability to manage medications
- D. Fear of side effects or drug interactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cognitive decline affecting memory and decision-making. Older adults with cognitive impairments, such as dementia, may struggle with remembering to take their medications as prescribed and making sound decisions regarding their medication regimen due to cognitive decline. Memory deficits can lead to missed doses, while impaired decision-making can result in improper adherence. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the primary reason for medication non-adherence in this population is the cognitive decline impacting memory and decision-making, rather than lack of understanding, physical inability, or fear of side effects.