Nokea
Which of the following organizations have interdisciplinary membership?
- A. Gerontological Society of America
- B. National Gerontological Nurses Association
- C. American Society on Aging
- D. Association of Gerontology in Higher Education
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, the Gerontological Society of America, because it includes members from various disciplines such as sociology, psychology, biology, and medicine. This interdisciplinary approach allows for a holistic understanding of aging. The other choices focus specifically on nursing (B), aging (C), or higher education (D), and do not encompass a wide range of disciplines like choice A. This makes them more specialized and less likely to have a diverse membership across different fields.
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Which organization had the largest influence in the specialty of gerontological nursing?
- A. American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
- B. John Hartford Foundation
- C. Medicare
- D. Mutual of Omaha Insurance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: John Hartford Foundation. The John Hartford Foundation is known for its significant contributions to the field of gerontological nursing through funding research, education, and initiatives to improve care for older adults. The foundation has supported the development of gerontological nursing programs and resources, making it a key influencer in advancing the specialty.
Explanation for other choices:
A: American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) primarily focuses on advocacy and support for older adults but does not have a direct influence on the specialty of gerontological nursing.
C: Medicare is a federal health insurance program for individuals aged 65 and older, but it does not specifically impact the development of gerontological nursing as an organization.
D: Mutual of Omaha Insurance is an insurance company and does not have a direct role in shaping the field of gerontological nursing.
In the care of older adults, how does the concept of "multimorbidity" complicate the treatment of chronic conditions?
- A. It simplifies treatment as there are fewer conditions to manage simultaneously
- B. It increases the complexity of managing multiple medications and health conditions
- C. It reduces the need for personalized care plans
- D. It enhances the effectiveness of treatment through overlapping therapeutic interventions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because multimorbidity refers to the presence of multiple chronic conditions in an individual, which can complicate treatment due to interactions between medications, conflicting treatment recommendations, and the need for coordination among different healthcare providers. Managing multiple health conditions and medications can lead to potential adverse effects, drug interactions, and difficulties in prioritizing treatment goals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because multimorbidity actually increases treatment complexity, necessitating individualized care plans and careful consideration of potential interactions between treatments.
A paper on culture and illness would likely include the statement that
- A. Culture is the same as ethnicity.
- B. Ethnic groups always share common geographic origin and religion.
- C. Ethnicity involves recognized traditions, symbols, and literature.
- D. Most members of an ethnic group exhibit identical cultural traits.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because ethnicity involves recognized traditions, symbols, and literature. This statement aligns with the topic of culture and illness, as ethnicity plays a significant role in shaping cultural beliefs and practices related to health and illness. It highlights the importance of cultural elements in understanding how different ethnic groups perceive and address health issues.
A: Culture is not the same as ethnicity; culture encompasses a broader range of beliefs and practices.
B: This choice is incorrect as ethnic groups can have diverse origins and religions.
D: Most members of an ethnic group do not exhibit identical cultural traits as cultural diversity exists within ethnic groups.
Which nursing intervention would not help a patient with xerostomia?
- A. Using humidifiers
- B. Using mouth rinses or artificial saliva products
- C. Providing sugar free hard candies
- D. Increasing medications from once a day to twice a day
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because increasing medications would not directly address xerostomia. Xerostomia is dry mouth, often caused by decreased saliva production. Using humidifiers (A) helps increase moisture in the air, mouth rinses/artificial saliva (B) lubricate the mouth, and sugar-free hard candies (C) stimulate saliva production. Increasing medications (D) would not target the root cause of xerostomia and may even exacerbate dry mouth symptoms.
What is the most significant predictor of social isolation in older adults?
- A. Lack of access to healthcare
- B. Limited income and resources
- C. Loss of a spouse or close family member
- D. High levels of physical activity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Loss of a spouse or close family member. This is the most significant predictor of social isolation in older adults because losing a spouse or close family member can result in decreased social interactions and emotional support. This loss can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation.
Incorrect options:
A: Lack of access to healthcare - While lack of access to healthcare can impact overall health, it is not the primary factor contributing to social isolation.
B: Limited income and resources - Financial constraints can affect social activities, but they are not as impactful as losing a loved one.
D: High levels of physical activity - While physical activity is important for overall well-being, it is not directly correlated with social isolation in older adults.