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Which of the following interview questions would be most appropriate when a nurse is assessing a client's respiratory function?
- A. Would you be interested in finding out more about environmental smoke?
- B. Did either of your parents experience lung disease?
- C. Have you ever worked in a job where you were exposed to dust, fumes, smoke, or other pollutants?
- D. What do you do to actively maintain your health?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate interview question for assessing a client's respiratory function is C: "Have you ever worked in a job where you were exposed to dust, fumes, smoke, or other pollutants?" This question directly relates to potential occupational exposures that could impact respiratory health. It helps gather specific information relevant to respiratory assessment. Choice A is unrelated to respiratory function assessment. Choice B focuses on familial history, which is important but not as direct as occupational exposure. Choice D is too general and does not specifically address respiratory issues. Therefore, C is the most appropriate choice for assessing respiratory function.
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What is the primary role of the gerontological nurse when providing end-of-life care for a terminally ill older adult?
- A. To offer aggressive curative treatments to extend life
- B. To focus on pain management and comfort care, ensuring dignity
- C. To administer sedatives to prevent distress
- D. To encourage family members to make all decisions for the patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer, B, is the primary role of the gerontological nurse when providing end-of-life care for a terminally ill older adult. This choice emphasizes the importance of pain management, comfort care, and preserving the patient's dignity. The nurse's focus should be on enhancing the quality of life and ensuring the patient's comfort rather than pursuing aggressive curative treatments (A). Administering sedatives (C) should be based on individual needs and preferences, not as a blanket approach. While family involvement is crucial, the nurse should still advocate for the patient's autonomy and preferences, rather than solely relying on family decisions (D).
Which of the following issues in the care of older adults are identified in Healthy People 2020?
- A. Delineating nursing staffing levels in long term care
- B. Eradicating pressure ulcers in all care settings
- C. Identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults
- D. Instituting mandatory training in identification of elder abuse for all caregivers of older adults
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Healthy People 2020 focuses on improving the health and well-being of all individuals, including older adults.
Step 2: Identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults is crucial to ensure quality care.
Step 3: This issue aligns with the goal of promoting quality of care and safety for older adults.
Step 4: Other choices are not directly addressed in Healthy People 2020 goals.
Summary: Choice C is correct as it directly relates to improving the care of older adults, while the other choices focus on specific issues not highlighted in Healthy People 2020.
An older women tells the nurse that her husband seldom brushes his teeth as he did in the past. A reason why older clients stop participating in daily oral hygiene, such as brushing the teeth, include:
- A. Decreased manual dexterity and inability to hold a tooth brush
- B. Malocclusion of teeth
- C. Decrease in taste acuity
- D. Lack of dental insurance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased manual dexterity and inability to hold a toothbrush. As people age, they may experience decreased hand strength and motor skills, making it difficult to hold and manipulate objects like a toothbrush. This can lead to a decline in oral hygiene practices. Malocclusion of teeth (B) does not directly impact the ability to brush teeth. Decrease in taste acuity (C) may affect appetite but not tooth brushing habits. Lack of dental insurance (D) is a financial barrier and may affect access to dental care, but it does not directly impact the physical ability to brush teeth.
A nurse in a long-term care facility is using the TimeSlips program with a group of cognitively impaired older adults. The nurse is using which of the following techniques?
- A. Provides a picture for all group members to look at and use to create a story
- B. Records the responses of all participants
- C. Compliments each member for his or her contribution to the story
- D. Reads the story back during the session, noting the contributions of each participant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the TimeSlips program involves providing a picture as a creative prompt for group members to collaboratively create a story. This technique stimulates imagination and communication in cognitively impaired individuals. Choice B is incorrect as recording responses is not specific to the TimeSlips method. Choice C is incorrect as complimenting contributions is not a core component of the TimeSlips program. Choice D is incorrect as reading back the story during the session does not align with the collaborative, creative process of TimeSlips.
What is the most significant predictor of successful aging in older adults?
- A. Financial security
- B. Physical fitness and health
- C. Social engagement and support
- D. Mental resilience
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Social engagement and support. Social engagement has been identified as a crucial factor in successful aging, as it contributes to emotional well-being, cognitive function, and overall quality of life. Older adults with strong social networks tend to have better physical and mental health outcomes. Social support can help individuals cope with stress, reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation, and provide a sense of purpose and belonging. Financial security (A) is important but not the most significant predictor. Physical fitness and health (B) are essential but do not solely determine successful aging. Mental resilience (D) is valuable, but the social aspect plays a more significant role in aging successfully.