Nokea
A nurse practicing in the early 1900s was awarded a permissive license. These licenses:
- A. were voluntary; however, a nurse who failed the examination could not use the title RN.
- B. required a maximum of 1 year of formalized nurse training.
- C. allowed nurses who did not pass the licensure examination to still practice.
- D. allowed nurses the choice of taking a written or oral licensure examination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because permissive licenses in the early 1900s were voluntary but required passing an examination to use the title RN. This ensured a basic level of competency. Choice B is incorrect as there was no specific requirement for the duration of formalized nurse training. Choice C is incorrect as failing the examination would disqualify nurses from practice. Choice D is incorrect as there was typically only one type of licensure examination, not a choice between written or oral.
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The nurse who organizes screenings for employees, assesses the work environment for hazards, and teaches health-promoting activities is employed in the field of:
- A. infection control.
- B. occupational health.
- C. informatics.
- D. transportation specialization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: occupational health. Occupational health nurses focus on promoting and maintaining the health and safety of workers in various industries. They conduct screenings, assess workplace hazards, and provide education on health-related topics. Infection control (choice A) mainly involves preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Informatics (choice C) involves the use of technology to manage and analyze health data. Transportation specialization (choice D) focuses on transportation-related health and safety issues. Therefore, the most appropriate choice for the described role is occupational health.
A client and her husband used in vitro fertilization to become pregnant. The unused sperm was frozen so the couple could have more children later. The husband is killed while in combat, and the client journals her choices and the possible ramifications. She comes to the fertility clinic after looking at the situation from many perspectives and after considering many alternatives. She asks that the sperm be destroyed because her husband's faith prohibited remarrying, and allowing another person to use the sperm would conflict with her late husband's beliefs. The nurse realizes that:
- A. the client is in the second step of ethical decision making and that the client's value system is influencing her choices of alternative actions.
- B. a logical line of reasoning has led to validation of the decision to destroy the husband's sperm.
- C. the client has not been able to navigate the complicated issues inherent in this situation.
- D. a rational decision was reached that was based on reflection and on the value systems of the wife and the husband.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the client's decision to destroy the husband's sperm was based on reflection and the value systems of both the wife and the husband. Firstly, the client considered her late husband's faith and beliefs, showing reflection on his values. Secondly, she analyzed the situation from various perspectives and considered alternatives, indicating a rational decision-making process. This decision was reached after careful consideration of ethical and moral implications, demonstrating a logical and reasoned approach. In contrast, choices A and C imply shortcomings in the client's decision-making process, while choice B focuses solely on validation without considering the underlying reasoning. Therefore, choice D is the most appropriate as it aligns with the client's thoughtful and value-based decision-making process.
A nurse hopes to improve time management skills using the ABC prioritization approach. Which tasks would be prioritized as "B"? (select all that apply)
- A. Turn in time sheet due in 3 days.
- B. Review dress code policy to give feedback before appointment in the morning.
- C. Perform blood glucose test on a patient admitted with Kussmaul respirations and change in level of consciousness.
- D. Complete patient teaching prior to discharge in 2 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because reviewing the dress code policy to give feedback before an appointment in the morning is time-sensitive and directly impacts the nurse's professional responsibilities. This task falls under the "B" category in the ABC prioritization approach, which prioritizes tasks that are important but not urgent. This task requires attention before the morning appointment to ensure professionalism and compliance.
Tasks A, C, and D are not prioritized as "B" because they are either more urgent or less important compared to reviewing the dress code policy before the morning appointment. Task A is important but not urgent as the time sheet is not due immediately. Task C is categorized as "A" as it involves a critical patient situation that requires immediate attention. Task D is categorized as "C" as it is important and time-sensitive, needing completion before discharge in 2 hours.
A new nurse asks, "Since Electronic Medical Records can improve quality care by having seamless data available for a patient, why doesn't everyone just replace paper and pencil charts"? Barriers to a universal health information infrastructure include the fact that: (select all that apply)
- A. competition from individual companies to build EMR prevent a universal infrastructure.
- B. cost is prohibitive even with federal funding for larger health care systems.
- C. preventive health reminders for immunizations and yearly screenings such as mammograms are used in clinical decision making.
- D. insurance companies have halted sharing of some patient data due to fear of law suits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because competition from individual companies to build EMR prevents a universal infrastructure. This is because different EMR systems may not be compatible with each other, hindering seamless data sharing.
Choice B is incorrect because while cost can be a barrier, federal funding can help mitigate this issue for larger healthcare systems. Choice C is incorrect because preventive health reminders are a benefit of EMR, not a barrier. Choice D is incorrect because insurance companies' fear of lawsuits does not directly impact the establishment of a universal health information infrastructure.
A nurse realizes that much time is wasted during shift report when coworkers discuss personal items such as recent movies or department store sales. Which statement would help with time management during this critical interaction?
- A. "Let's talk only about one movie you recently watched."
- B. "I like to know about department store sales, but we need to get through this report, so let's talk about sales as we walk between patient rooms."
- C. "I know your shift has been busy. What went wrong?"
- D. "I have the list of patients; let's start with revisions to the plan of care and scheduled activities for the next shift."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it directly addresses the issue of time management during shift report by focusing on the essential tasks that need to be discussed. By starting with revisions to the plan of care and scheduled activities for the next shift, the nurse ensures that the most critical information is covered efficiently. This approach helps prioritize the discussion and prevent unnecessary time spent on non-essential topics.
Option A is incorrect because limiting the discussion to just one movie does not address the overall time management issue during shift report. Option B is incorrect because discussing department store sales while walking between patient rooms may still lead to distractions and inefficiencies in the report.
Option C is incorrect as it focuses on what went wrong during the shift rather than addressing the need for efficient time management during the report. The correct answer, D, is the most effective choice as it directly tackles the issue of time wasted during shift report by emphasizing the essential tasks that need to be covered.