Nokea
Antihistamines are used cautiously in older men with prostatic hypertrophy for which of the ff reasons?
- A. Because the clients may experience increased drowsiness
- B. Because these clients may experience difficulty voiding
- C. Because these clients face a greater risk of cardiac arrest
- D. Because these clients have a lower autoimmune response CARING FOR CLIENTS WITH AIDS
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Because these clients may experience difficulty voiding. Antihistamines can worsen urinary symptoms in men with prostatic hypertrophy by causing urinary retention. This is due to the anticholinergic effects of antihistamines, which can lead to decreased bladder contraction and difficulty in voiding. Increased drowsiness (choice A) is a common side effect of antihistamines but is not specific to older men with prostatic hypertrophy. Choice C, greater risk of cardiac arrest, is not directly related to the use of antihistamines in older men with prostatic hypertrophy. Choice D, lower autoimmune response in clients with AIDS, is unrelated to the use of antihistamines in older men with prostatic hypertrophy.
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The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a new preoperative patient who is nil by mouth (NPO). The nurse notes that the patient has been on long-term oral steroid therapy. The nurse understands that which of the following is the reason that steroids cannot be abruptly stopped?
- A. Higher steroid levels are needed during
- B. Malignant hypertension will occur.
- C. Respiratory failure will result.
- D. Malignant hyperthermia will result.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because abruptly stopping steroids can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to suppression of the adrenal glands. This can result in a sudden drop in cortisol levels, which are essential for various physiological functions. Patients on long-term steroid therapy need a gradual taper to allow the adrenal glands to resume cortisol production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the physiological effects of stopping steroids abruptly.
A client with supraglottic cancer undergoes a partial laryngectomy. Postoperatively, a cuffed tracheostomy tube is in place. When removing secretions that pool above the cuff, the nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Cough as the cuff is being deflated
- B. Hold the breath as the cuff is being re-inflated
- C. Take a deep breath as the nurse deflates the
- D. Exhale deeply as the nurse re-inflates the cuff cuff
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exhale deeply as the nurse re-inflates the cuff.
Rationale:
1. When the cuff of the tracheostomy tube is deflated, the client should be instructed to exhale deeply to prevent aspiration of secretions.
2. Exhaling helps to clear the airway by pushing secretions out of the trachea, reducing the risk of aspiration.
3. Inhaling or holding the breath while the cuff is being re-inflated can increase the risk of inhaling secretions.
4. Coughing as the cuff is being deflated (choice A) may not be as effective in clearing secretions as exhaling deeply.
5. Taking a deep breath as the nurse deflates the cuff (choice C) may not be as effective as exhaling deeply in preventing aspiration.
In summary, choice D is the correct answer because exhaling deeply helps clear secretions and reduce the risk of aspiration, while the other choices may
Mr. Go had a post-kidney transplant. What should the nurse immediately assess?
- A. fluid and electrolyte imbalances
- B. hepatotoxicity
- C. infection
- D. respiratory complications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because post-kidney transplant patients are at high risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances due to the impact of the surgery on renal function. The nurse should assess for signs of fluid overload or depletion and monitor electrolyte levels closely. Choice B, hepatotoxicity, is less immediate and not directly related to kidney transplant. Choice C, infection, is important but not the immediate priority. Choice D, respiratory complications, are also significant but not the most immediate concern post-kidney transplant.
For which of the ff conditions would the use of salt tablets be considered?
- A. a. Mild deficits of serum sodium
- B. Severe deficits of serum magnesium
- C. Severe deficits of serum potassium
- D. Severe deficits of serum calcium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
- Salt tablets are used for mild deficits of serum sodium to help restore electrolyte balance.
- Sodium is crucial for fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction.
- Severe deficits of serum magnesium, potassium, and calcium require specific electrolyte replacement therapy, not salt tablets.
Summary:
- Choice A is correct because salt tablets are used for mild deficits of serum sodium.
- Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve severe deficits of different electrolytes that require specific replacement therapy.
Which of the following guidekines does not observe surgical asepisi in the operating room?
- A. sterile articles may touch other sterile articles or surface and remain sterile
- B. gowns of surgical team are considered sterile in front from the chest down to the bottom of the gown
- C. whenever a sterile barrier is breached, the area must be considered contaminated
- D. sterile drapes are used to create a sterile field
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in surgical asepsis, sterile articles should not touch other sterile articles or surfaces to maintain sterility. Choice B is correct as surgical team gowns are sterile in front. Choice C is correct as any breach makes the area contaminated. Choice D is correct as sterile drapes create a sterile field.