Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is preparing to assist with a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) procedure for a patient. What action should the nurse prioritize to ensure patient safety during TEE?

  • A. Placing the patient in a supine position with arms at their sides
  • B. Administering intravenous sedation to the patient before the procedure
  • C. Instructing the patient to refrain from eating or drinking for six hours before the procedure
  • D. Ensuring the availability of emergency equipment and resuscitation medications
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ensuring the availability of emergency equipment and resuscitation medications is crucial to prioritize patient safety during a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) procedure. TEE involves inserting a specialized probe (transducer) into the esophagus to obtain detailed images of the heart. While complications during TEE are rare, they can include adverse reactions to sedation, esophageal injury, arrhythmias, or other cardiac events. By having emergency equipment and resuscitation medications readily available, the healthcare team can respond promptly to any unforeseen complications or emergencies that may arise during the procedure, ensuring optimal patient safety. Placing the patient in a supine position, providing sedation, and advising the patient to fast before the procedure are important aspects of the TEE process; however, ensuring emergency preparedness takes precedence in prioritizing patient safety during the procedure.

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When the findings of the study can be applied to all patients with MI under stress patients in the whole Philippines, it satisfies which of the following criteria in research?

  • A. Reliability
  • B. Generalizability
  • C. Validity
  • D. Transferability
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Generalizability refers to the extent to which research findings and conclusions can be applied beyond the specific conditions of the study to a larger population or different settings. In this case, if the findings of a study on patients with myocardial infarction (MI) under stress can be applied to all such patients in the whole Philippines, it indicates that the study results are generalizable beyond the specific sample studied. Therefore, the criteria satisfied in this context is generalizability.

A 35-year-old woman presents with irregular menstrual cycles, hirsutism, and acne. Which of the following conditions is most likely to be associated with these symptoms?

  • A. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • B. Endometriosis
  • C. Ovarian cancer
  • D. Uterine fibroids
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. The classic symptoms of PCOS include irregular menstrual cycles, hirsutism (excess hair growth in a male pattern), and acne. Women with PCOS often have enlarged ovaries with multiple small cysts. Other common features include obesity, insulin resistance, and infertility. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence and growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to symptoms such as pelvic pain and infertility. Ovarian cancer usually presents with nonspecific symptoms and is less likely in a young woman with these specific symptoms. Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that can cause heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pressure but are less likely to be associated with hirsutism and acne.

The nurse reviews the patient 's plan of care. Which of the following nursing diagnose will be the PRIORITY?

  • A. Fluid volume, deficit
  • B. Risk for pain, acute
  • C. Coping, ineffective
  • D. Body image, disturbed
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In prioritizing nursing diagnoses, the nurse should consider issues that pose the greatest risk to the patient's immediate well-being. A fluid volume deficit can lead to dehydration and potentially life-threatening complications, making it a priority to address. It is crucial to restore fluid balance to maintain normal body functions and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition. Ensuring adequate hydration is essential for the patient's overall health and recovery. The other options, such as risk for pain, coping, and body image disturbances, while important, are not as urgent as addressing a fluid volume deficit.

When determining the existence of malpractice, which factor is NOT considered?

  • A. Injury
  • B. Causation
  • C. Duty
  • D. Intent
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When determining the existence of malpractice, intent is not considered as a factor. Malpractice typically involves unintentional actions or negligence rather than a deliberate intent to cause harm. The key factors that are usually considered in a malpractice case include duty (a legal obligation to provide a certain standard of care), causation (the link between the provider's actions and the patient's injury), and the existence of an injury resulting from the provider's actions or omissions. Intent does not play a direct role in malpractice cases, as they are focused on the standard of care provided by the healthcare professional and the harm caused as a result.

Nurse Addison provides instructions about measures to prevent postpartum mastitis who is breast feeding her newborn. Which of the following would indicate that the mother needs further instruction? "I Should _______."

  • A. wash my hands wel1 before breastfeeding
  • B. breastfeed every 2-3 hours
  • C. change the breast pads frequently
  • D. wash my nipples with s0ap and water prior to feeding 3 hours
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nursing mothers should not wash their nipples with soap and water prior to feeding. Using soap can dry out the skin and potentially lead to irritation or cracking of the nipple, which can increase the risk of mastitis. It is recommended to simply clean the nipples with water, if necessary.

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