A nurse is collecting data regarding the number of crosswalks within a community. Which perspective is being used to gather this data?
- A. Developmental perspective
- B. Functional perspective
- C. Risk-factor perspective
- D. Systems perspective
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The risk-factor perspective identifies factors that contribute to health issues and predicts future health outcomes.
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A nurse is told by a colleague that an Asian American individual on home care is using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Which of the following conclusions can accurately be drawn from this statement?
- A. The client will have adverse complications from using this form of medicine.
- B. The client may be using meditation, acupuncture, or another therapy.
- C. The client will soon be returning to his or her native country for further treatment.
- D. The client does not agree with the current professional care medication regimen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CAM includes practices like acupuncture and meditation, and individuals may use them alongside professional care to address health concerns.
During a routine clinic visit, a pregnant woman expresses concern about reflux she is experiencing. Which statement should be made by the nurse when addressing the woman’s concern?
- A. “Frequent heartburn may be a sign of fetal distress and an ultrasound should be performed immediately.”
- B. “Frequent heartburn is caused by high levels of hormones during pregnancy.”
- C. “Frequent heartburn is a result of gastrointestinal system changes that occur during pregnancy.”
- D. “Frequent heartburn during pregnancy requires immediate consultation with a gastroenterologist.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heartburn during pregnancy is due to gastrointestinal changes, including upward displacement of the stomach and relaxation of the gastroesophageal sphincter.
The devaluing of beliefs, values, and customs of others is known as:
- A. Ethnocentrism
- B. Racism
- C. Cultural competency
- D. Empathy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Racism is the belief in the superiority of one’s own race and the devaluation of others' cultural practices.
A child is focused on peer approval and avoidance of “not fitting in.” According to Kohlberg, this child is experiencing which of the following stages of moral development?
- A. Preconventional
- B. Conventional
- C. Postconventional
- D. Preoperational
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the conventional stage, the goal is to gain approval and avoid disapproval from peers.
Which properties must the sperm possess for conception to occur?
- A. High motility
- B. Uniform size
- C. Ability to secrete enzymes that dissolve the membrane surrounding the egg
- D. Life span of at least 3 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sperm must be motile, well-formed, and capable of secreting enzymes to dissolve the egg's membrane for fertilization.