Nokea
A legal right to confidentiality of client information is waived when:
- A. a court system subpoenas information.
- B. a family member requests health care information of a client.
- C. a living will takes effect.
- D. the client is declared incompetent by the legal system.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The legal right to confidentiality is waived when the court requires information for legal proceedings, when the state requires mandatory reporting, when a client reveals intent to harm, or when a client cannot make safe decisions.
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A middle-aged woman tells the nurse that she has been experiencing irregular menses for the past six months. The nurse should assess the woman for other symptoms of:
- A. climacteric.
- B. menopause.
- C. perimenopause.
- D. postmenopause.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Perimenopause refers to a period of time in which hormonal changes occur gradually, ovarian function diminishes, and menses become irregular. Perimenopause lasts approximately five years. Climacteric is a term applied to the period of life in which physiologic changes occur and result in cessation of a woman's reproductive ability and lessened sexual activity in males. The term applies to both genders. Climacteric and menopause are interchangeable terms when used for females. Menopause is the period when permanent cessation of menses has occurred. Postmenopause refers to the period after the changes accompanying menopause are complete.
In the process of an annual physical exam, a client is diagnosed with Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH). This client is likely to have a consult with which type of physician?
- A. gynecologist
- B. physiatrist
- C. urologist
- D. proctologist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A urologist is the physician who specializes in urinary tract and prostatic disease. A gynecologist specializes in disease of the female reproductive tract. A physiatrist specializes in rehabilitation care. A proctologist specializes in lower colonic digestive diseases.
A nurse witnesses a client sign the consent form for surgery with the surgeon. As the surgeon leaves, the client starts to speak and then stops. The nurse asks if the client has further questions and he says, 'I don't want to bother the surgeon.' The nurse should
- A. acknowledge the client's wish not to bother the surgeon and tell the client to let you know if they change their mind
- B. acknowledge the client's wish not to bother the surgeon and answer all of their questions, as appropriate
- C. go get the surgeon to answer all of the client's questions
- D. answer any questions as appropriate as well as have the surgeon come back to answer any questions if needed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nurses should always advocate for their clients, making sure they understand everything involving their health as well as ensuring all questions are answered appropriately and thoroughly.
A client being treated for sickle cell disease has an order for pain medication. Morphine was ordered, but the nurse is having difficulty deciphering the dose. The nurse should
- A. ask the attending physician to come back to the unit and to help read what the order states regarding the correct medication, dose, route, and frequency
- B. call the charge nurse to reach out to the attending physician to verify the order including the correct medication, dose, route, and frequency
- C. call the attending physician to verbally verify the order including correct medication, dose, route, and frequency
- D. just go with his or her gut on what the typical dose is for this medication and administer to the client so they do not have to wait on the physician
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is the nurse's responsibility to fully comprehend an attending physician's order prior to carrying it out. This includes verifying any confusing or indiscernible directions/orders via calling or discussing in person with the attending physician.
A 35-year-old Latin-American client wishes to lose weight to reduce her chances of developing heart disease and diabetes. The client states, 'I do not know how to make my diet work with the kind of foods that my family eats.' What should the nurse do first to help the client determine a suitable diet for disease prevention?
- A. Provide her with copies of the approved dietary guidelines for the American Diabetic Association and the American Heart Association.
- B. Ask the client to provide a list of the types of foods she eats to determine how to best meet her needs.
- C. Provide a high-protein diet plan for the client.
- D. Provide the client with information related to risk factors for heart disease and diabetes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment is the first step. Assessing what the client eats helps the nurse determine a plan for dietary recommendations based on the ADA and AHA guidelines. Providing the client with a copy of the guidelines is important but is not the first priority. Based on the client's wish to reduce her chances of heart disease and diabetes, a high-protein diet plan might not be appropriate. Providing information to the client related to risk factors for heart disease and diabetes is important but is not the first step.