Nokea
Nursing considerations when caring for African-American clients include that:
- A. families are generally distant and unsupportive
- B. special hair, skin, and nail care might be required
- C. fad diets are a cultural norm
- D. clients are generally future-oriented
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African-American clients may require specific hair, skin, and nail care due to unique characteristics like tightly coiled hair or higher risk of keloid scarring. The other options are stereotypes or incorrect: families are often supportive, fad diets are not a cultural norm, and future orientation is not a defining trait.
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A female client complains to the nurse at the health department that she has fatigue, shortness of breath, and lightheadedness. Her history reveals no significant medical problems. She states that she is always on a fad diet without any vitamin supplements. Which tests should the nurse expect the client to have first?
- A. peptic ulcer studies
- B. complete blood count, including hematocrit and hemoglobin
- C. genetic testing
- D. hemoglobin electrophoresis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The initial tests to determine the basis for her symptoms (considering her fad dieting) should be a complete blood count, urinalysis, blood sugar, and other tests. The decision about further testing is then made based on these results, her history, and other factors.
What interpersonal relief behavior is Ashley using?
- A. acting out
- B. somatizing
- C. withdrawal
- D. problem-solving
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Somatizing means one experiences an emotional conflict as a physical symptom. Ashley manifests several physical symptoms associated with severe anxiety. Acting out refers to behaviors such as anger, crying, laughter, and physical or verbal abuse. Withdrawal is a reaction in which psychic energy is withdrawn from the environment and focused on the self in response to anxiety. Problem-solving takes place when anxiety is identified and the unmet need is met.
A 57-year-old woman is recently widowed. She states, 'I will never be able to learn how to manage the finances. My husband did all of that.' Select the nurse's response that could help raise the client's self-esteem.
- A. You feel inadequate because you have never learned to balance a checkbook.
- B. You should have insisted your husband teach you about the finances.
- C. You are strong and will learn how to manage your finances after awhile.
- D. Why don't you take a class in basic finance from the local college?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse can raise the client's self-esteem by communicating confidence the client can participate in actively finding solutions to the problem. The nurse also conveys the client is a worthwhile person by listening and accepting the client's feelings and praising the client for seeking assistance.
A nurse is reviewing a patient's medical record. The record indicates the patient has limited shoulder flexion on the left. Which plane of movement is limited?
- A. Horizontal
- B. Sagittal
- C. Frontal
- D. Vertical
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sagittal motion occurs in the midline plane of the body.
A 10-month-old child is brought to the Emergency Department because he is difficult to awaken. The nurse notes bruises on both upper arms. These findings are most consistent with:
- A. wearing clothing that is too small for the child.
- B. the child being shaken.
- C. falling while learning to walk.
- D. parents trying to awaken the child.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children who are shaken are frequently grasped by both upper arms. Symptoms of brain injury associated with shaking include decreased level of consciousness.