ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

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A client has a pulmonary embolism & is started on oxygen. The student nurse asks why the client's oxygen saturation has not significantly improved. What response by the nurse is best?

  • A. Breathing so rapidly interferes with oxygenation.
  • B. Maybe the client has respiratory distress syndrome.
  • C. The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs.
  • D. The client needs immediate intubation & mechanical ventilation.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
1. A pulmonary embolism is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries, affecting blood flow to the lungs.
2. This blockage limits perfusion, the process of blood flow through the lungs for oxygenation.
3. Oxygen saturation may not improve significantly because the blood clot interferes with perfusion, not ventilation.
4. Options A and B focus on ventilation issues, which may not be the primary concern in this case.
5. Option D is extreme and not supported by the information given about the client's condition.

Summary:
Choice C is correct because a pulmonary embolism affects perfusion in the lungs, leading to decreased oxygen saturation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they focus on other issues not directly related to the client's condition.

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A nurse is caring for a client post-myocardial infarction (MI). What is the priority assessment for this client?

  • A. Monitoring urine output
  • B. Checking blood glucose levels
  • C. Assessing for chest pain
  • D. Monitoring electrolyte levels
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assessing for chest pain. The priority assessment for a client post-MI is to monitor for any signs of recurrent chest pain or angina, as it could indicate ongoing cardiac ischemia or a new infarction. Prompt intervention is crucial in these situations to prevent further damage to the heart muscle. Monitoring urine output (A) and electrolyte levels (D) are important assessments but do not take precedence over assessing for chest pain. Checking blood glucose levels (B) is relevant for diabetic clients but is not the priority in this case.

4. What is the focus of the integrative model of health care?

  • A. Costs paid by insurance
  • B. Treatment of symptoms
  • C. Mind-body-spirit connections
  • D. Care directed by nurse practitioners
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The integrative model emphasizes holistic care, focusing on the mind-body-spirit connections rather than just treating symptoms or relying solely on conventional treatments.

What behavioral clues will you watch for to identify an increased risk for suicide?

  • A. Deep breathing exercises
  • B. Avoid social interactions
  • C. Ignore stressors
  • D. Increase workload
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.

When auscultating Mr. Puff’s chest, what would you expect to find?

  • A. Absent breath sounds
  • B. Bronchial breath sounds with rales
  • C. Decreased vesicular breath sounds with prolonged expiration
  • D. Normal breath sounds with prolonged inspiration
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Air trapping causes prolonged expiration in COPD.

You have been pulled to the telemetry unit for the day. The monitor watcher informs you that the client has developed prominent U waves. Which laboratory value should you check immediately?

  • A. Sodium
  • B. Potassium
  • C. Magnesium
  • D. Calcium
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prominent U waves on an ECG strip are typically associated with hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Checking potassium levels is critical to address potential cardiac complications.

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