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What is the primary role of a nurse in a patient-centered medical home (PCMH)?
- A. Coordinate patient care
- B. Administer treatments
- C. Provide health education
- D. Conduct research
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary role of a nurse in a PCMH is to coordinate patient care. This involves ensuring all aspects of a patient's care are well-managed, communicating with various healthcare providers, and advocating for the patient's needs. This role aligns with the core principles of a PCMH, which emphasize comprehensive, coordinated, and patient-centered care. Administering treatments (B) is typically the role of physicians or other healthcare providers. Providing health education (C) is important but not the primary role of a nurse in a PCMH. Conducting research (D) is not a direct responsibility of nurses in a clinical setting like a PCMH.
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Which of the following is an example of voluntary absenteeism?
- A. Staying home for a sick child
- B. Staying home for a funeral
- C. Staying home to run errands or finish housework
- D. Staying home for sickness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Voluntary absenteeism refers to missing work by choice rather than due to circumstances like illness or emergencies. Staying home to run errands or finish housework falls under this category as it is a personal choice unrelated to external factors.
A, B, and D are incorrect because staying home for a sick child, a funeral, or due to sickness are examples of involuntary absenteeism, where circumstances beyond the individual's control necessitate their absence from work.
What are the advantages of using internal pools of nurses for staffing purposes?
- A. Familiarity with the hospital & Lower cost
- B. Centralization
- C. Staffing mix
- D. Staff satisfaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Familiarity with the hospital & Lower cost. Internal pools of nurses are advantageous because they are already familiar with the hospital's policies, procedures, and workflow, reducing the need for extensive training. This familiarity can lead to increased efficiency and improved patient care. Additionally, utilizing internal nurses can be cost-effective as they are already on the hospital's payroll, reducing the need for external agency staff, which can be more expensive. Centralization (option B) and staffing mix (option C) are not directly related to the advantages of using internal pools of nurses. Staff satisfaction (option D) can be a potential benefit of internal pools, but it is not as directly linked to the advantages of familiarity and cost savings as option A.
What is the difference between the amounts that were budgeted for specific revenue or cost and the actual revenue or cost that resulted during the course of activities?
- A. Budget
- B. Variable
- C. Variance
- D. Premiums
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Variance. Variance represents the difference between budgeted and actual revenue or cost. It is a crucial metric in performance evaluation and budget control. Variance analysis helps identify discrepancies and allows for adjustments to be made.
Incorrect choices:
A: Budget - This is the overall plan or financial blueprint for revenues and costs, not the difference between budgeted and actual amounts.
B: Variable - Refers to costs that change in relation to activity levels, not specifically the difference between budgeted and actual amounts.
D: Premiums - Relates to additional payments made, not the comparison between budgeted and actual figures.
Which of the following indicators is viewed as important by the nurse manager in relation to a performance model?
- A. Patient outcomes
- B. Rapport with staff
- C. Daily job performance
- D. Flexibility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Patient outcomes. Nurse managers are responsible for overseeing the quality of care provided by their staff. Patient outcomes directly reflect the effectiveness of care delivery. Monitoring patient outcomes helps nurse managers identify areas for improvement, implement changes, and ensure high-quality care.
Rapport with staff (B) is important for team cohesion but may not directly impact performance model evaluation. Daily job performance (C) reflects individual staff performance, not the overall performance model. Flexibility (D) is a valuable trait but is not a specific indicator in relation to a performance model.
When trying to facilitate change in the staff, it is necessary to build trust and recognize the need for change. This type of action is known as which of the following, according to Lewin's Force-Field Model?
- A. Moving the system to a new level
- B. Unfreezing the system
- C. Refreezing the system
- D. Institutionalization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Unfreezing the system. In Lewin's Force-Field Model, unfreezing refers to the process of preparing individuals and systems for change by breaking down existing mindsets and behaviors. Building trust and recognizing the need for change are essential steps in unfreezing. Moving the system to a new level (A) is not specific to the initial stage of change. Refreezing the system (C) occurs after change has been implemented, not before. Institutionalization (D) involves integrating the change into the organization's culture, which is a later stage in the change process.