Nokea
What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the menstrual cycle?
- A. To maintain the uterine lining after ovulation.
- B. To stimulate the release of an egg from the ovary.
- C. To regulate progesterone production during pregnancy.
- D. To inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To stimulate the release of an egg from the ovary. LH surge triggers ovulation, releasing the mature egg from the follicle. This is crucial for fertility. A is incorrect because progesterone maintains the uterine lining, not LH. C is incorrect as LH doesn't regulate progesterone during pregnancy, but plays a role in ovulation. D is incorrect as LH and FSH work together to regulate the menstrual cycle, not inhibit each other.
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A patient undergoing IUI asks how the procedure increases the chances of conception. What should the nurse explain?
- A. IUI bypasses the cervix, placing sperm directly in the uterus.
- B. IUI enhances egg quality before fertilization.
- C. IUI eliminates the need for ovulation tracking.
- D. IUI combines egg and sperm outside the body before transfer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) bypasses the cervix and places sperm directly in the uterus, increasing the chances of sperm reaching the fallopian tubes to fertilize the egg. This method improves the sperm's proximity to the egg, optimizing the chances of conception. The other choices are incorrect because B (enhancing egg quality) is not achieved through IUI, C (eliminating ovulation tracking) is not true as tracking is still necessary for timing the procedure, and D (combining egg and sperm outside the body) describes in vitro fertilization (IVF), not IUI.
Chromosome analysis is a diagnostic test that should be offered to which couple?
- A. Never conceived.
- B. Has long-standing infertility.
- C. Has had repeated pregnancy losses.
- D. Has a normal child but has not conceived again.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because chromosome analysis is recommended for couples who have experienced repeated pregnancy losses to identify any genetic abnormalities that may be causing the miscarriages. This test can help determine if there are chromosomal issues that could be addressed in future pregnancies. Choices A, B, and D do not necessarily warrant chromosome analysis as they do not directly relate to the potential genetic causes of pregnancy losses.
A nurse is explaining the importance of lifestyle changes for women trying to conceive. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Focus solely on diet; exercise is not relevant to fertility.
- B. Both a balanced diet and regular moderate exercise support reproductive health.
- C. Weight gain is beneficial regardless of current BMI.
- D. Avoid stress management as it has no effect on fertility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because both a balanced diet and regular moderate exercise support reproductive health. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients for fertility, while exercise helps regulate hormones and improve overall health, increasing chances of conception. Choice A is incorrect because exercise plays a crucial role in fertility. Choice C is incorrect as weight gain should be based on individual needs, not a general recommendation. Choice D is incorrect as stress management is important for fertility as stress can impact hormone levels and ovulation.
An Orthodox Jewish couple is seeking infertility counseling. The woman states that her menstrual cycle is 21 days long. After testing, no physical explanation is found for the infertility. Which of the following may explain why the woman has been unable to conceive?
- A. Her kosher diet is lacking the essential nutrients needed for achieving optimal reproductive health.
- B. The positions allowed Orthodox Jewish couples during intercourse hinder the process of fertilization.
- C. Orthodox Jewish couples are known to have a high rate of infertility because of inborn genetic diseases.
- D. Orthodox Jewish couples refrain from intercourse during menses and for seven days after it ends.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Orthodox Jewish couples abstain from intercourse during menstruation and the subsequent week, potentially missing the fertile window.
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a woman in labor and notes that the fetal position is documented as LSA. The nurse interprets this information as indicating which part as the presenting part?
- A. occiput
- B. face
- C. buttocks
- D. shoulder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because in the notation LSA, the S denotes the sacrum or buttocks as the presenting part. The occiput is denoted by O, face by M, and shoulder by A.