Nokea
A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is at 20 weeks gestation and reports experiencing leg cramps. What is the nurse's most appropriate intervention?
- A. Recommend taking calcium supplements to relieve leg cramps.
- B. Encourage the patient to elevate the legs and perform leg stretches.
- C. Instruct the patient to rest and avoid any physical activity.
- D. Administer pain medication as needed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because elevating the legs and performing leg stretches can help improve circulation and relieve leg cramps during pregnancy. This intervention promotes blood flow and prevents muscle fatigue. Calcium supplements (choice A) may be helpful for preventing leg cramps in some cases but are not the first-line intervention. Instructing the patient to rest (choice C) may worsen leg cramps due to decreased circulation. Administering pain medication (choice D) should be avoided unless necessary, as it does not address the root cause of the leg cramps.
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Which spice is safe for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy?
- A. Ginger
- B. Sage
- C. Cloves
- D. Nutmeg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ginger is widely recognized as a safe and effective complementary therapy for managing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
A nurse is assessing a postpartum person for signs of thrombophlebitis. What is the most common sign of thrombophlebitis?
- A. redness and swelling in the calf
- B. pain and swelling in the leg
- C. hardening of the calf
- D. heat intolerance in the leg
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pain and swelling in the leg. Thrombophlebitis is inflammation of a vein due to a blood clot, commonly occurring in the lower extremities. Pain and swelling are classic symptoms due to the clot obstructing blood flow. Redness and heat may be present but are not as specific. Hardening of the calf is not a common sign. Heat intolerance in the leg is not a typical symptom of thrombophlebitis.
The nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is 30 weeks gestation and is concerned about the possibility of gestational diabetes. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse educate the patient to report?
- A. Increased thirst and frequent urination
- B. Sudden weight loss and increased energy
- C. Extreme fatigue and headaches
- D. Decreased fetal movement and nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased thirst and frequent urination. This is because these symptoms are indicative of hyperglycemia, which is common in gestational diabetes. Increased thirst occurs due to the body trying to flush out excess sugar through urine, leading to frequent urination. This should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Sudden weight loss and increased energy are not typical symptoms of gestational diabetes. Weight loss can occur in uncontrolled diabetes, but it is not a common symptom in gestational diabetes.
C: Extreme fatigue and headaches can be non-specific symptoms and are not necessarily related to gestational diabetes.
D: Decreased fetal movement and nausea are more commonly associated with other complications in pregnancy, such as placental insufficiency or preeclampsia, rather than gestational diabetes.
Which hormone is responsible for converting the endometrium into decidual cells for implantation?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Human chorionic gonadotropin
- C. Human placental lactogen
- D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At high levels, progesterone maintains the endometrial lining for implantation of the zygote.
The nurse is providing education to a patient who has given birth to her first child and is being discharged home. The patient expressed concern regarding infant mortality and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor, and vaginal delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health conditions. The infant is healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful thing to explain to the patient?
- A. Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO)
- B. Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant
- C. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
- D. The Safe to Sleep campaign
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The Safe to Sleep campaign. The campaign educates parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the risk of SIDS. In this scenario, the patient's concerns regarding infant mortality and SIDS can be addressed by providing information on safe sleep practices. Choices A and B are not relevant to the patient's concerns as they pertain to advanced medical therapies. Choice C, Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, focuses on promoting breastfeeding support and practices, which is not directly related to addressing the patient's concerns about infant mortality and SIDS.