Nokea
What behaviors can be observed before a person becomes violent? (EXCEPT)
- A. Wandering
- B. Tense shoulders and clenched fists
- C. Blank stare
- D. Positioned with one foot in back and an arm pulled back
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because wandering is not typically associated with violent behavior. Tense shoulders and clenched fists (B), blank stare (C), and positioned with one foot in back and an arm pulled back (D) are commonly observed behaviors before a person becomes violent. Tense shoulders and clenched fists indicate agitation, a blank stare can indicate aggression, and the specific body positioning described in D suggests readiness for physical aggression. Wandering, however, is more likely to indicate confusion or aimlessness rather than impending violence.
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After discussing alternatives to dressing change procedures to minimize discomfort, the nursing staff accepted a new procedure. This is an example of which stage of Havelock's model of change?
- A. Moving
- B. Self-renewal
- C. Refreezing
- D. Unfreezing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moving. In Havelock's model of change, the Moving stage involves implementing the chosen change after considering alternatives. In this scenario, the nursing staff accepted a new procedure, indicating they are moving forward with the change. This stage focuses on putting the change into action.
Summary of other choices:
B: Self-renewal - This choice is not applicable as self-renewal refers to personal growth and development, not organizational change stages.
C: Refreezing - This choice is incorrect as refreezing involves stabilizing the change and ensuring it becomes the new norm, which comes after the Moving stage.
D: Unfreezing - This choice is incorrect as unfreezing refers to preparing for change by overcoming resistance and creating readiness, which precedes the Moving stage.
While caring for a client with tuberculosis, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Use antimicrobial sanitizer for hand hygiene.
- B. Wear a surgical mask when providing client care.
- C. Limit each visitor to 2-hour increments.
- D. Wear gloves when assisting the client with oral care.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use antimicrobial sanitizer for hand hygiene. Hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of tuberculosis. TB is transmitted through respiratory droplets, not contact, so wearing a mask (choice B) is not effective. Limiting visitor time (choice C) may help reduce exposure, but hand hygiene is more critical. Wearing gloves for oral care (choice D) is important for standard precautions, but hand hygiene is the priority for TB prevention.
For a 55-year-old female patient with type 2 diabetes and a nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements, which goal is most important?
- A. The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%.
- B. The patient will follow a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss.
- C. The patient will choose a diet that distributes calories throughout the day.
- D. The patient will state the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%. This goal is most important because it directly addresses the patient's diabetes management by aiming to achieve good glycemic control. Lowering the HbA1c level to less than 7% is a key indicator of reduced risk for diabetes-related complications. Options B, C, and D are not as critical in addressing the specific nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition. Option B focuses on weight loss, which may not necessarily address the underlying issue of imbalanced nutrition. Option C addresses meal distribution but does not directly target improved glycemic control. Option D emphasizes eliminating simple sugars but does not encompass the comprehensive management of diabetes.
What is the main focus of a clinical governance framework?
- A. Financial performance
- B. Regulatory compliance
- C. Patient care quality
- D. Staff satisfaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main focus of a clinical governance framework is patient care quality. This is because clinical governance aims to ensure that healthcare services provided are safe, effective, and of high quality. By focusing on patient care quality, healthcare organizations can improve outcomes and patient satisfaction. Financial performance (A) is important but not the main focus. Regulatory compliance (B) is necessary but not the primary goal. Staff satisfaction (D) is important for a positive work environment, but it is not the main focus of a clinical governance framework.
The nurse manager needs to buy six new hospital beds for the unit. What type of budget will be used for this expenditure?
- A. Operating budget
- B. Capital budget
- C. Salary budget
- D. Revenue budget
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Capital budget. A capital budget is used for long-term investments in assets like equipment and facilities, such as hospital beds. This type of budget is for significant expenditures that have a lasting impact on the organization. Operating budget (A) covers day-to-day expenses, not major purchases. Salary budget (C) is for staffing costs, not equipment purchases. Revenue budget (D) focuses on projected income, not capital expenditures. Therefore, the capital budget is the appropriate choice for buying new hospital beds.