Nokea
Verbal interventions with an agitated patient may be calming. These interventions include:
- A. Holding and reassuring the patient
- B. Encouraging other staff to distract the patient
- C. Remaining calm and keeping an arm's distance
- D. Standing close to the patient while talking
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because remaining calm and keeping an arm's distance is crucial when dealing with an agitated patient. This approach helps prevent escalating the situation and promotes a sense of safety. Holding and reassuring the patient (A) can be perceived as intrusive and may escalate the agitation. Encouraging other staff to distract the patient (B) can also be counterproductive as it may increase the patient's distress. Standing close to the patient while talking (D) can be perceived as threatening and may escalate the situation further. Thus, maintaining calm and keeping a safe distance is the most effective verbal intervention strategy.
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When in opposition to an immediate superior, a nurse manager should use which important strategy in a confrontation?
- A. Using 'I' language
- B. Using absolutes
- C. Using 'why' questions
- D. Using negative assertions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Using 'I' language. This strategy is effective in confrontation as it focuses on expressing one's own thoughts and feelings without blaming the other person. By using "I" language, the nurse manager can communicate assertively and take ownership of their perspective, which can lead to a more constructive dialogue.
Summary:
B: Using absolutes can come across as rigid and may escalate the confrontation.
C: Using 'why' questions can be perceived as accusatory and defensive, potentially leading to further conflict.
D: Using negative assertions can create a hostile environment and hinder effective communication.
When planning a budget, the nurse manager knows that costs depend on and change in direct proportion to patient volume and activity. What type of costs are these?
- A. Variable costs
- B. Indirect costs
- C. Fixed costs
- D. Direct costs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Variable costs. Variable costs are costs that change in direct proportion to the level of activity or volume. In this scenario, as patient volume and activity increase or decrease, the costs will fluctuate accordingly. Indirect costs (B) are not directly tied to patient volume. Fixed costs (C) remain constant regardless of patient volume. Direct costs (D) are specific to the production of a good or service and are not necessarily impacted by patient volume.
What is the main purpose of a healthcare proxy?
- A. To manage financial affairs
- B. To make medical decisions on behalf of the patient
- C. To provide legal representation
- D. To oversee patient discharge planning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The main purpose of a healthcare proxy is to make medical decisions on behalf of the patient when the patient is unable to do so. This includes decisions about treatment options, procedures, and end-of-life care. A healthcare proxy does not manage financial affairs (A), provide legal representation (C), or oversee patient discharge planning (D). These roles are typically carried out by different individuals or entities with specific responsibilities. The core function of a healthcare proxy is to ensure that the patient's medical wishes and best interests are upheld when they are unable to communicate or make decisions for themselves.
There are several pitfalls that should be avoided when using social media of any type. For example, a nurse or student could be found guilty of libel in which of the following scenarios?
- A. Snapping a selfie with a patient
- B. Posting a positive review of the hospital where the student completed clinicals
- C. Creating a closed online forum where students can discuss clinical experiences without providing client information
- D. Complaining about her nurse preceptor on social media, discussing the preceptor’s unprofessional characteristics.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because complaining about a nurse preceptor on social media and discussing their unprofessional characteristics can be considered libel if it damages the preceptor's reputation. This action violates professional and ethical standards by publicly criticizing a colleague.
A: Snapping a selfie with a patient is a breach of patient privacy but not necessarily libel.
B: Posting a positive review of the hospital is not libelous.
C: Creating a closed forum to discuss clinical experiences without client information is not libelous as long as confidentiality is maintained.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports difficulty falling asleep. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Watch a television program in bed before going to sleep.
- B. Drink a cup of hot cocoa before bedtime.
- C. Maintain a consistent time to wake up each day.
- D. Exercise 1 hour before going to bed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Maintain a consistent time to wake up each day. This recommendation helps regulate the body's internal clock, promoting a consistent sleep-wake cycle. By waking up at the same time every day, the client's body will naturally adjust and improve their ability to fall asleep at night. Watching TV in bed (A) can disrupt sleep due to the blue light emitted. Drinking hot cocoa (B) may not be ideal close to bedtime due to the caffeine content. Exercising before bed (D) can stimulate the body and make it harder to fall asleep.