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Which of the following is considered voluntary turnover?
- A. Desire to leave
- B. Termination
- C. Forced resignation
- D. Floating
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Desire to leave. Voluntary turnover occurs when an employee chooses to leave the organization. This choice could be due to personal reasons, career advancement, or dissatisfaction with the current job. Termination (B) is involuntary, forced resignation (C) is also not voluntary as it involves external pressure, and floating (D) is not a recognized term in the context of turnover. Therefore, A is the correct choice for voluntary turnover.
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The nurse manager compares the actual results of the budget with the projected results of the budget. What budgeting process is this?
- A. Variable budgeting
- B. Controlling
- C. Revenue sharing
- D. Incremental budgeting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Controlling. The nurse manager comparing actual results with projected results is part of the controlling function of budgeting. Controlling involves monitoring performance against the budget to identify any variations and taking corrective actions if necessary. Variable budgeting focuses on adjusting the budget based on different levels of activity, not comparing actual vs. projected results. Revenue sharing pertains to distributing revenues among different entities. Incremental budgeting involves making small adjustments to the previous budget without a thorough review like in controlling. Thus, the comparison of actual vs. projected results aligns with the controlling function of budgeting.
A hospitalized diabetic patient received 38 U of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM. At 1:00 PM, the
patient has been away from the nursing unit for 2 hours, missing the lunch delivery while
awaiting a chest x-ray. To prevent hypoglycemia, the best action by the nurse is to
- A. save the lunch tray for the patient’s later return to the unit
- B. ask that diagnostic testing area staff to start a 5% dextrose IV
- C. send a glass of milk or orange juice to the patient in the diagnostic testing area
- D. request that if testing is further delayed, the patient be returned to the unit to eat.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. It is essential to maintain the patient's blood glucose levels to prevent hypoglycemia. Since the patient missed lunch, returning them to the unit to eat ensures timely access to food for glycemic control. This action addresses the immediate need for nutrition and glucose intake.
A: Saving the lunch tray is not immediate and does not address the patient's current hypoglycemia risk.
B: Starting a dextrose IV is an option for severe hypoglycemia, not for preventing it in this scenario.
C: Sending milk or orange juice may help raise blood sugar but does not address the need for a complete meal to prevent hypoglycemia.
What is the primary goal of patient education?
- A. To enhance clinical skills
- B. To ensure patient safety
- C. To empower patients to take control of their health
- D. To improve patient compliance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of patient education is to empower patients to take control of their health. This helps them make informed decisions, manage their conditions effectively, and improve their overall well-being. By educating patients, healthcare providers enable them to actively participate in their own care, leading to better health outcomes.
Choice A (To enhance clinical skills) is incorrect as patient education focuses on empowering patients rather than improving the skills of healthcare providers.
Choice B (To ensure patient safety) is also incorrect as while patient education contributes to patient safety, the primary goal is to empower patients to manage their health.
Choice D (To improve patient compliance) is not the primary goal of patient education, although improved compliance may be an outcome of patient empowerment.
Which of the following is a key aspect of transformational leadership?
- A. Maintaining the status quo
- B. Encouraging innovation
- C. Focus on short-term goals
- D. Top-down communication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging innovation. Transformational leadership involves inspiring and motivating followers to think creatively, embrace change, and strive for continuous improvement. By encouraging innovation, transformational leaders empower their team to challenge the status quo, adapt to new situations, and drive growth and success. This approach fosters a culture of creativity and openness to new ideas, leading to organizational transformation and long-term success.
Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Maintaining the status quo goes against the essence of transformational leadership, which is about driving change and growth.
C: Focus on short-term goals is more aligned with transactional leadership, where the emphasis is on achieving immediate results rather than long-term vision and innovation.
D: Top-down communication is characteristic of traditional, hierarchical leadership styles, whereas transformational leadership emphasizes open and collaborative communication to inspire and engage followers.
Cultural diversity presents an important challenge to nurse managers due to which of the following?
- A. A nursing shortage exists
- B. Staff nurses are not trained to be culturally sensitive
- C. 80% of nursing staff comes from one or more minority groups
- D. The increase in cultural diversity is seen both in the patient population and the nursing staff
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an increase in cultural diversity in both the patient population and nursing staff can lead to challenges in communication, understanding beliefs and practices, and providing culturally competent care. This can impact patient outcomes and require nurse managers to address cultural competence training and policies.
Choice A (nursing shortage) is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the challenge of cultural diversity. Choice B (lack of cultural sensitivity training) may contribute to the challenge but is not the primary reason. Choice C (80% of nursing staff from minority groups) is incorrect as it presents a specific statistic without addressing the broader implications of cultural diversity in both patients and staff.