Nokea
What is the name given to the respiratory ailment in which the bronchioles constrict severely?
- A. pleurisy
- B. emphysema
- C. bronchitis
- D. asthma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: asthma. Asthma is a respiratory ailment characterized by severe constriction of the bronchioles due to inflammation and muscle contraction. This leads to difficulty breathing and wheezing. Pleurisy (A) is inflammation of the lining of the lungs, emphysema (B) is a long-term lung disease, and bronchitis (C) is inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Asthma specifically refers to the bronchioles constriction, making it the correct choice.
You may also like to solve these questions
How is a client positioned for a thoracentesis?
- A. The client sits at the side of the bed.
- B. The client lies on the affected side.
- C. The client lies flat on the back.
- D. The client lies down with the head raised.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. For thoracentesis, the client typically sits at the edge of the bed, leaning forward with arms supported on a table or over their knees to spread out the intercostal spaces and stabilize the chest wall. B is incorrect because lying on the affected side would compress the area being accessed. C is wrong as lying flat reduces access to the pleural space. D is incorrect because raising the head is not standard positioning for this procedure.
Which action should you delegate to the experienced nursing assistant?
- A. Assess the client's respiratory status every 4 hours.
- B. Take vital signs and pulse oximetry reading every 4 hours.
- C. Check ventilator setting to make sure they are as prescribed.
- D. Observe client’s need for suctioning every 2 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking vital signs and pulse oximetry readings is a routine task suitable for a nursing assistant. Assessing respiratory status (A) and checking ventilator settings (C) require RN-level skills. Observing suctioning needs (D) is less critical and often done by RNs.
A patient with active TB continues to have positive sputum cultures after 6 months of treatment. She says she cannot remember to take the medication all the time. What is the best action for the nurse to take?
- A. Schedule the patient to come to the clinic every day to take the medication.
- B. Have a patient who has recovered from TB tell the patient about his successful treatment.
- C. Schedule more teaching sessions so the patient will understand the risks of noncompliance.
- D. Arrange for directly observed therapy by a responsible family member or a public health nurse.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Directly observed therapy by a responsible family member or a public health nurse is the best action to ensure adherence to TB treatment and prevent further drug resistance.
The home health nurse is making an initial call on a newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) patient. The patient lives with his wife and child. Which infection control instructions shouldn't the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Place contaminated tissues in sealable plastic bag.
- B. Take medications exactly as directed.
- C. Implement airborne precautions.
- D. Wash hands frequently.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because TB is transmitted through droplet transmission, not airborne. The nurse should include hand hygiene (D) to prevent spread through contact, proper medication adherence (B) to treat TB effectively, and proper disposal of contaminated materials (A) to prevent spread through fomites. Implementing airborne precautions is not necessary for TB, as it does not remain suspended in the air for long periods.
The impulse for voluntary muscles for forceful breathing starts in
- A. Medulla (Pons)
- B. Vagus nerve
- C. Cerebral hemispheres
- D. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cerebral hemispheres. The impulse for voluntary muscles for forceful breathing originates in the cerebral hemispheres where conscious control over breathing is regulated. The cerebral cortex sends signals to the respiratory muscles to increase or decrease breathing effort based on the body's needs. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Medulla (Pons) - This region of the brainstem is responsible for automatic breathing control, not voluntary forceful breathing.
B: Vagus nerve - The vagus nerve is not directly involved in initiating voluntary breathing movements.
D: Spinal cord - While the spinal cord plays a role in coordinating some aspects of breathing, it is not the primary center for voluntary forceful breathing control.