Nokea
Which of the following has no homolog in the female?
- A. penis
- B. scrotum
- C. prostate
- D. bulbourethral glands
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: scrotum. The scrotum is a male-specific structure that houses the testes, which are responsible for producing sperm. In females, there is no homologous structure that serves the same function as the scrotum. The other choices (A: penis, C: prostate, D: bulbourethral glands) have homologous structures in females (clitoris, Skene's glands, and Bartholin's glands, respectively). This differentiation is based on the embryological development of male and female reproductive structures.
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The tiny ball of 16 cells found freely
- A. testosterone floating in the uterine cavity is called a
- B. interstitial cell-stimulating ________.
- C. blastocyst
- D. luteinizing hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: blastocyst. At this stage of development, the embryo is a hollow ball of cells with an inner cell mass. This structure is called a blastocyst. A is incorrect because testosterone is a hormone, not a cell structure. B is incorrect as it does not describe the early stage of embryonic development. D is incorrect as luteinizing hormone is a hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, not embryonic development.
When palpating the epididymis, the nurse considers which finding to be abnormal?
- A. The epididymis is located on the posterolateral surface of each testis.
- B. The epididymis feels like a tubular, comma-shaped structure.
- C. The epididymis collapses on palpation.
- D. The epididymis has an irregular, nodular surface.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an epididymis with an irregular, nodular surface is abnormal and may indicate a pathology such as epididymitis or a tumor. Step 1: Normal epididymis should feel smooth and firm, not irregular. Step 2: Nodular surface suggests a growth or inflammation. Step 3: Abnormal findings should prompt further evaluation. Incorrect choices: A is correct anatomical location, B describes the normal shape, and C collapsing is not a typical finding.
The ovary connects by ligaments to:
- A. the uterus;
- B. the Fallopian tubes;
- C. the rectum;
- D. the pelvic walls;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the uterus. The ovary connects to the uterus via ligaments called ovarian ligaments. This connection is essential for the transfer of eggs from the ovary to the uterus during the menstrual cycle and for providing support to the ovary. The other choices are incorrect as the ovary does not directly connect to the Fallopian tubes (B), rectum (C), or pelvic walls (D) via ligaments. The connection to the uterus is crucial for reproductive functions and maintaining the structural integrity of the female reproductive system.
When do the testes begin to descend?
- A. at birth
- B. two months after birth
- C. two months prior to birth
- D. in the fifth month of pregnancy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: in the fifth month of pregnancy. The testes begin to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum during the fifth month of pregnancy. This process is crucial for proper development and function of the testes. Descending at this stage allows for the testes to be positioned outside the body, which is essential for sperm production as it requires a slightly lower temperature than the internal body temperature.
Summary:
A: at birth - Incorrect, as the descent of the testes occurs during fetal development, not at birth.
B: two months after birth - Incorrect, as the descent happens during pregnancy, not after birth.
C: two months prior to birth - Incorrect, as the descent occurs during pregnancy, not prior to birth.
When a male is castrated before puberty, he becomes:
- A. Female
- B. Cretin
- C. Eunuch
- D. Potent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Eunuch. When a male is castrated before puberty, he becomes a eunuch because castration removes the testes, leading to a lack of testosterone production and loss of male secondary sexual characteristics. This results in a eunuch having a more neutral appearance and lacking the ability to reproduce.
A: Choosing "Female" is incorrect because castration does not change the individual's genetic sex.
B: Selecting "Cretin" is incorrect as cretinism is a condition caused by severe thyroid hormone deficiency, not related to castration.
D: Opting for "Potent" is incorrect as castration leads to the loss of reproductive ability, making the individual infertile.