Nokea
Which of the following is an essential component of a comprehensive antenatal care program?
- A. Weight monitoring
- B. Blood pressure measurement
- C. Nutritional counseling
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Weight monitoring is crucial to assess maternal health and fetal growth.
Step 2: Blood pressure measurement helps detect and manage hypertension in pregnancy.
Step 3: Nutritional counseling ensures proper intake of nutrients for maternal and fetal well-being.
Step 4: All components (A, B, C) are essential for a comprehensive antenatal care program to address different aspects of maternal and fetal health. Thus, D is the correct answer. Weight monitoring, blood pressure measurement, and nutritional counseling are all vital components of antenatal care to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby.
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Which of the following is an essential component of prenatal care?
- A. Routine immunizations
- B. Nutritional counseling
- C. Surgical interventions
- D. Radiologic exams
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nutritional counseling. Prenatal care focuses on ensuring the health of both the mother and the developing baby. Proper nutrition is essential for the well-being of both, as it supports the baby's growth and development and helps prevent complications for the mother. Nutritional counseling provides guidance on maintaining a balanced diet, taking necessary supplements, and managing any dietary restrictions during pregnancy. Routine immunizations (A) are important but not typically a primary component of prenatal care. Surgical interventions (C) and radiologic exams (D) are generally avoided during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary due to potential risks to the fetus. Therefore, B is the most essential component for prenatal care.
Which of the following is NOT a goal of the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) program?
- A. Reducing infant mortality
- B. Improving maternal health
- C. Providing family planning services
- D. Focusing solely on curative care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Focusing solely on curative care. The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) program aims to prevent illness and promote health in pregnant women, mothers, infants, and children. Focusing solely on curative care does not align with the preventive and promotive goals of the MCH program. Reducing infant mortality, improving maternal health, and providing family planning services are integral components of the MCH program that aim to enhance the overall well-being of mothers and children. By emphasizing prevention and health promotion, the MCH program aims to address the root causes of health issues rather than solely focusing on treating illnesses after they occur.
When educating a mother about the benefits of breastfeeding, what should be included?
- A. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
- B. Breastfeeding provides passive immunity to the infant.
- C. Breastfeeding increases the mother's risk of breast cancer.
- D. Breastfeeding delays the return of menstruation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Breastfeeding provides passive immunity to the infant. Breast milk contains antibodies that help protect the baby from infections. This passive immunity is crucial for the infant's developing immune system.
A: Breastfeeding does not directly reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
C: Breastfeeding is actually associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer.
D: Breastfeeding can delay the return of menstruation due to hormonal changes, but this is not the main benefit of breastfeeding.
In summary, the key benefit of breastfeeding is providing passive immunity to the infant, which is crucial for their health and development.
When is the recommended time for introducing solid foods into an infant's diet?
- A. 3 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 9 months
- D. 12 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 6 months. At this age, infants' digestive systems are more developed and ready for solid foods. Introducing solids too early (A) can lead to allergies and digestion issues. Waiting until 9 months (C) or 12 months (D) can delay important nutrients and increase the risk of iron deficiency. In summary, introducing solids at 6 months strikes the right balance between developmental readiness and nutritional needs for infants.
Which of the following is an example of a waterborne disease?
- A. Hepatitis A
- B. Influenza
- C. Measles
- D. Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hepatitis A. Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogens that are transmitted through contaminated water. Hepatitis A is a viral infection that spreads through the consumption of contaminated water or food. It affects the liver and is commonly associated with poor sanitation and hygiene. Influenza, Measles, and Tuberculosis are not waterborne diseases. Influenza and Measles are viral infections spread through respiratory droplets, while Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection primarily transmitted through the air. Hepatitis A is the only choice that aligns with the definition of a waterborne disease.