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How do accrediting agencies such as the Joint Commission ensure quality care?
- A. Imposing maximum staffing levels
- B. Stipulating nurse-patient ratios
- C. Confirming delivery of satisfactory care
- D. Requiring a specific staff mix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Accrediting agencies like the Joint Commission ensure quality care by confirming the delivery of satisfactory care. This involves evaluating healthcare facilities based on established standards and guidelines to ensure they meet quality benchmarks. Imposing maximum staffing levels (A) and stipulating nurse-patient ratios (B) are important factors but not directly controlled by accrediting agencies. Requiring a specific staff mix (D) may influence care quality, but it is not the primary focus of accrediting agencies. Therefore, choice C is correct as it directly aligns with the main function of accrediting agencies.
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Nurses and community officials are working together to ensure that churches and schools have needed supplies to provide shelter for a large number of individuals in the event of a natural or man-made disaster. These activities represent which phase of a disaster continuum?
- A. Crisis Intervention
- B. Preparedness
- C. Recovery
- D. Relief Response
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preparedness. In this scenario, the nurses and community officials are taking proactive measures to ensure that necessary supplies are in place before a disaster occurs. Preparedness involves planning, training, and equipping individuals and communities to respond effectively to emergencies. Crisis Intervention (A) occurs during the immediate aftermath of a disaster to address immediate needs. Recovery (C) is the phase where communities rebuild and restore their infrastructure post-disaster. Relief Response (D) involves the initial emergency response to provide immediate assistance to those affected. Overall, the focus on ensuring supplies are in place for potential sheltering indicates preparedness for a disaster, making it the correct choice.
A healthcare professional is reviewing a client's clinical pathway upon discharge following hip arthroplasty. Which of the following information can assist in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of the care?
- A. the age of the client
- B. the availability of community support groups
- C. the length of the client's stay
- D. the type of insurance the client carries
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: the length of the client's stay. Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of care involves considering the resources utilized, and the length of stay directly impacts costs. A shorter stay typically means lower costs without compromising quality. Age (A) does not directly impact cost-effectiveness. Community support groups (B) may contribute to the client's overall well-being but do not directly relate to cost-effectiveness. The type of insurance (D) may affect reimbursement but does not provide direct information on cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the length of the client's stay is the most relevant factor to assess cost-effectiveness.
Who is credited with creating a written record of health care practices and dispelling the mythical aspect of health care?
- A. Hammurabi
- B. Florence Nightingale
- C. Hippocrates
- D. Apollo
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hippocrates. Hippocrates is credited with creating a written record of health care practices and is known as the "Father of Medicine." He emphasized observational and logical approaches to medicine, moving away from superstition and myth. Hammurabi is known for his code of laws, not health care practices. Florence Nightingale is known for her contributions to nursing. Apollo is a Greek god associated with healing, but he is not a historical figure credited with creating a written record of health care practices.
Caring means responding to others as unique individuals, sensing their emotions, and accepting them as they are, unconditionally. This response accepts the patient's choice without condemning or frightening them.
- A. Finding a way for the patient to see the dog, even if they can only look out a window, shows caring by understanding this patient's needs.
- B. The definition of transpersonal caring includes accepting individuals for who they are, so a nonjudgmental attitude is essential.
- C. This statement includes the patient in planning care, demonstrating care for the patient's needs and preferences.
- D. Curative nursing care is high-tech, or nursing care that is based on the medical model of care, which often is based on the use of technology.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it aligns with the definition of caring provided in the question stem. By including the patient in planning care, the nurse demonstrates a genuine concern for the patient's needs and preferences, which is a key aspect of caring. This approach acknowledges the patient as a unique individual and respects their autonomy.
Choice A is incorrect because while finding a way for the patient to see the dog may be a kind gesture, it does not directly relate to the core concept of caring as described in the question.
Choice B is incorrect as it mentions the importance of a nonjudgmental attitude, which is indeed a part of transpersonal caring but does not directly address the specific aspect of including the patient in planning care.
Choice D is incorrect as it introduces a different concept of curative nursing care, which is not relevant to the definition of caring provided in the question.
A group of workers wish to seek union representation that would protect all workers in the agency, including unlicensed assistive personnel and non-nursing employees such as a nutritionist and dietary workers. The type of union being sought is the strongest collective group and is known by what term?
- A. A right-to-work bargaining organization
- B. An occupational union
- C. Industrial unionism
- D. Union shop
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Industrial unionism. Industrial unionism represents all workers in a particular industry, regardless of their job roles. In this scenario, the workers seeking union representation include various non-nursing employees, making industrial unionism the most suitable option to protect all workers in the agency.
A: A right-to-work bargaining organization focuses on individual rights and does not necessarily represent all workers collectively.
B: An occupational union typically represents workers in a specific occupation or trade, not all workers in an industry.
D: A union shop requires all workers to join the union after a probationary period, which may not apply to all workers in this scenario.